Titlebook: Elementary Probability Theory; With Stochastic Proc Kai Lai Chung,Farid AitSahlia Textbook 2003Latest edition Springer Science+Business Med

hermitage

From Random Walks to Markov Chains,bilities . and . = 1 ? ., respectively, where 0 < . < 1. For verbal convenience we suppose that each step is taken in a unit of time so that the .th step is made instantaneously at time .; furthermore we suppose that the possible positions of the particle are the set of all integers on the coordinat

dainty

Mean-Variance Pricing Model,pt of sample space, all the way to stochastic processes including martingales. The present chapter examplifies “one-period” models, where the analysis is based on random variables evaluated at a specific time. The next chapter will address time-dependent (“multiperiod”) models, with analysis based o

angiography

強(qiáng)化