Titlebook: Electron Energy Loss Spectrometers; The Technology of Hi Harald Ibach Textbook 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1991 Electron energy

控訴

The Electron Optics of the Ideal Cylindrical Field with Space Charge,ct is obtained by enlarging the deflection angle and by applying an additional negative bias to the top and bottom shields terminating the cylindrical deflectors. In spherical deflectors the azimuthal and radial foci are displaced from each other for high current loads.

Rebate

https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230339545ardation. The transmission of electron dispersive systems is related to the angular aberration. The concept of “dispersion compensated” spectrometers and the reasons for their failure in practice are investigated.

肥料

aerobic

0342-4111 understood, instrument design has previously largely been left to intuition. This book is the first to provide a comprehensive treatment of the electron optics involved in the production of intense monochromatic beams and the detection of scattered electrons. It includes a full three-dimensional an

Ovulation

https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230616226ct is obtained by enlarging the deflection angle and by applying an additional negative bias to the top and bottom shields terminating the cylindrical deflectors. In spherical deflectors the azimuthal and radial foci are displaced from each other for high current loads.

集聚成團

Textbook 1991ing the various components. The description is kept mathematically simple and focuses on practical aspects, with many hints for writing computer codes to calculate and optimize electrostatic lens elements.

確定

雜色

https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59923-0al is applied to the entrance aperture, or a lower potential to the exit aperture. We have already encountered such retarding monochromators in Sect. 3.2, where the limiting case of a small current load was considered.

Intentional

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