Titlebook: Electrical Power System Protection; C. Christopoulos,A. Wright Book 1999Latest edition Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1999 Phas

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Distance-type protective schemes for overhead lines and cables,etween the ends of protected units which may, of course, be quite long distances apart, and either pilot wires or optical fibres or other high frequency electronic communication equipment may be required for this purpose.

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Digital communications,ection, which can now share data and communications with the control and management functions of a network. The rate at which this sharing and interdependence will increase and what final level it will reach is difficult to foresee. Undoubtedly, long term reliability of protection schemes relying on

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Digital signal processing (DSP) and protection,lopments of digital relaying algorithms and therefore the beginning of numerical relays were described in [4, 5]. As regards hardware, developments were very rapid with basic discrete digital circuits being replaced by general purpose microprocessors and in the early 1990s by special Digital Signal

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-3119-0ection, which can now share data and communications with the control and management functions of a network. The rate at which this sharing and interdependence will increase and what final level it will reach is difficult to foresee. Undoubtedly, long term reliability of protection schemes relying on

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Genetics of Sleep and Sleep Disorderslopments of digital relaying algorithms and therefore the beginning of numerical relays were described in [4, 5]. As regards hardware, developments were very rapid with basic discrete digital circuits being replaced by general purpose microprocessors and in the early 1990s by special Digital Signal

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Book 1999Latest editiontioning system, genetic algorithms, flexible a.c. transmission systems, are some of the techniques considered in connection with protection. Although many of these techniques have not yet found major application in protection, it is nevertheless essential for the educated protection engineer to have

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Fuses,m have been produced since that time and they are still used extensively in the lower voltage sections of power systems around the world. Fuselinks are simple and therefore relatively cheap devices, their cost being very low relative to that of the plant being protected by them. They thus satisfy a