Titlebook: Effects of Nicotine on Biological Systems; Franz Adlkofer (Professor of Medicine, Scientific Book 1991 Springer Basel AG 1991 Alzheimer′s

剛開(kāi)始

Concentration of Nicotine in Serum and Saliva after Intravenous Infusion of the Alkaloid and after Sted in two experiments. In the first experiment, four healthy male cigarette smokers received three nicotine infusions. In the second experiment, four healthy male cigarette smokers received one nicotine infusion and in addition to this, they smoked eight cigarettes of their own brand within 3 hours

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mydriatic

Nicotine Application with an Oral Capsule the capsule’s wall. In a pilot study with 5 male smokers and 5 male non-smokers, nicotine absorption and responses after application of one capsule were studied. The peak nicotine concentration in plasma was reached 10 min after application of the nicotine capsule and ranged from 4 to 10 ng/ml. In

Atmosphere

Conjugation Pathways in Nicotine Metabolismconjugated alkaloids in 24-hour urine samples from tobacco users are 1.0, 0.5 and 2.3 for nicotine, cotinine and .-3′-hydroxycotinine, respectively. Nicotine, cotinine and .-3′-hydroxycotinine and their glucuronides together with the N-oxides of nicotine and cotinine, account for more than 90% of th

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侵略

Relevance of Nicotine-Derived N-Nitrosamines in Tobacco Carcino-Genesis, namely N′-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL). In animals and in human tissues these nitrosamines are metabolically activated by α-hydroxylation to highly reactive species which form adducts with pr

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有害

FRET

Intestinal First Pass Metabolism of NNK in the Mousetestinal segments of mice which was further stimulated significantly by starvation and/or acetone pretreatment. Three major metabolites were tentatively identified by cochromatography with authentical reference compounds as 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol, 4-oxo-4-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol