Titlebook: Educational Measurement for Applied Researchers; Theory into Practice Margaret Wu,Hak Ping Tam,Tsung-Hau Jen Book 2016 Springer Nature Sing

MINT

Partial Credit Model,For some measuring instruments, item responses may reflect a degree of correctness (or a degree of appropriateness in the case of survey questionnaires) in the answer to a question, rather than being simply classified as correct/incorrect.

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Two-Parameter IRT Models,The Rasch model is sometimes also called the one-parameter IRT model in that the probability of success as a function of the ability . has only one parameter (the item difficulty parameter) estimated for each item, as shown in Eq.?(.).

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Differential Item Function,For every IRT model, a mathematical function is used to specify the probability of item responses as a function of the ability (latent trait). The degree to which the observed data fit the mathematical function needs to be examined since valid results can only be drawn if the data fit the model.

等待

Equating,When different tests are administered, the results from the tests are not directly comparable. A process called Equating is needed for comparing results from different tests.

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BILIO

Was will ich mit Marketing erreichen?,y step needs to be closely managed and nothing should be left to chance. For example, there could be security issues related to test papers, and attendance issues related to participating students. The whole process calls for competent management skills.

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Incise

Test Administration and Data Preparation,y step needs to be closely managed and nothing should be left to chance. For example, there could be security issues related to test papers, and attendance issues related to participating students. The whole process calls for competent management skills.