Titlebook: Dynamics of EU Renewable Energy Policy Integration; Mariam Dekanozishvili Book 2023 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under

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EU Energy Policymaking: Actors and Processes,that define the integration outcome of a policymaking instance. Thus, this chapter elaborates on the causal factors that are constitutive elements of the intergovernmental, supranational, and punctuated equilibrium paths to policy outcomes presented in the previous chapter.

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“The World’s Biggest Entertainment Joy Ride”ernal shocks—to unfold the main policy actors and processes behind the development of the 2001 RES-E directive. The last section assesses the policy outcome brought by the directive in terms of the degree of institutionalization (vertical integration) and harmonization of support schemes for renewable energy (horizontal integration).

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A Perfect Mixture of the Part and the Actorons trace the elaboration and adoption of the directive by looking at the five causal factors to expound the causal mechanism that resulted into binding renewable energy targets—a step forward in vertical integration, however, came short of the harmonized support scheme for renewable energy—a failed attempt in horizontal integration.

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A Perfect Mixture of the Part and the Actor to policy outcomes. The chapter contends that instead of juxtaposing competing variables, comprehensive analysis of the EU energy policymaking should bring together structure, agency, and external contingency. Section?2.3 comments on methods used in the study and on the structure of the case study narratives.

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