Titlebook: Diagnostic Evaluation of the Knee; Michael Strobel,Hans-Werner Stedtfeld Book 19901st edition Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1990 Arthr

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Evaluation of the Ligamentse an injury of the cruciate ligaments, because an undetected rupture can lead to significant intraarticular damage that is exceedingly difficult to treat [234, 285, 441, 466, 470]. It must be considered that ligament stability is not an end in itself but a prerequisite to achieving integral joint fu

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Evaluation of the Femoropatellar Jointis common for patients who have undergone major reconstructive knee surgery to obtain relief of the unstable feeling which prompted the operation, but then to start complaining of pain in the anterior knee. Anterior knee pain is a very common sequel to major knee operations, trauma, and even as an “

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Radiographic Examinationp and is indispensible for the exclusion of fresh fractures, old bony injuries, degenerative changes, congenital dysplasias, and neoplasms of bone. Even when complaints are nonspecific, such as retropatellar pain suggesting an immediate diagnosis of “chondromalacia,” it would be a mistake to omit ra

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Magnetic Resonance Imagingterest in MRI was on studies of the parenchymatous organs and the detection of brain pathology, in recent years the technique has proved to be well suited for the examination of articular structures. In the knee joint, MRI can demonstrate the bony joint components, the hyaline articular cartilage, t

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Sonography of abdominal, retroperitoneal, vascular, and gynecologic disorders. In orthopedics, ultrasound has been used for many years in the early detection of congenital hip dysplasias. But sonography is also playing an increasingly important role in the diagnosis of lesions of other joints (shoulder, knee)

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Rare Diagnostic Proceduressease. Various scanning agents have been used, ranging from Tc-99m-labeled phosphonates for 3-phase bone scanning to Tc-99-labeled nanocolloids and Ga-67 citrate for the nonspecific diagnosis of inflammation. More recent techniques involving the in vitro labeling of separated granulocytes with In-11