Titlebook: Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease; Michael T. Johnstone,Aristidis Veves Book 20052nd edition Humana Press 2005 Diabetes.Diabetes mellitu

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Effects of Diabetes and Insulin Resistance on Endothelial Functionss including retina, myocardium, nerves, skin, and kidney (.–.). The incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with diabetes or insulin-resistance syndrome is increased in subjects older than 30 years (.,.). The Framingham study, which surveyed longitudinally more than 5000 patients with

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PPARs and Their Emerging Role in Vascular Biology, Inflammation, and Atherosclerosise of a putative hormone, then isolating it, often from large quantities of body fluid, and ultimately identifying the nuclear receptor through which the cellular effects were being achieved (.). More recently, this stepwise progression has been reversed by modern molecular biology techniques allowin

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Diabetes and Thrombosisents with type 1 diabetes for 35 years or less, and 67% of the deaths in patients with type 1 diabetes for 40 years or more (.,.). The rapid progression of macroangiopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes may reflect diverse phenomena; some intrinsic to the vessel wall; angiopathic factors such as e

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Role of Estrogens in Vascular Disease in Diabetes vascular function could be influenced by the “evil effects” emanating from the female apparatus (.). Thus, early beliefs regarding the effects of estrogens were shrouded in curiosity and fear. Even today, although estrogens are no longer considered to have an “evil” influence, their biological effe

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Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Activation and Nitrosative Stress in the Development of Cardiovascular Dunction is a major clinical problem, which underlies the development of various severe complications including retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and increase the risk of stroke, hypertension, and myocardial infarction (MI). Hyperglycemic episodes, which complicate even well-controlled cases of d

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Nitric Oxide and Its Role in Diabetes Mellitusmorbidity and mortality is vascular disease, including both atherosclerosis and microangiopathy (.–.). As discussed elsewhere in this text, atherosclerosis occurs earlier in diabetics than nondiabetics, its severity is often greater, and its distribution is more diffuse (.,.). Vascular disease in di

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Diabetes and Atherosclerosisd development of atherosclerosis in diabetes has been an ongoing process for several years. However, the concepts behind both the pathogenic mechanisms of atherosclerosis and the trigger mechanisms that lead to acute clinical events have drastically changed in the last two decades. It is now fully a

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