Titlebook: Development of the Cerebellum from Molecular Aspects to Diseases; Hassan Marzban Book 2023Latest edition The Editor(s) (if applicable) and

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13501-9n neurological disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), congenital ataxia, and autism. The role of neurotrophic factors on the growth, proliferation, differentiation, and arborization of neurons and thus neurodevelopmental disorders has been established and investigated for

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13501-9UPS). Dysfunction of the UPS is observed in several types of spinocerebellar ataxias associated with polyglutamine accumulation. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 is caused by a genetic defect in the Atxn3 gene, which codes for a deubiquitinase enzyme. Defects in the expression of a variety of ubiquitin

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13501-9s are not directly controlled by genomic DNA sequences and can be largely influenced by environmental factors. Epigenetic mechanisms include modification of DNA and DNA-bound proteins (histones), action of large and short regulatory RNA molecules, crosstalk between DNA and histone marks, nucleosome