Titlebook: Design of Observational Studies; Paul R. Rosenbaum Book 2020Latest edition Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 Analysis.Causal inference.S

Popcorn

neutrophils

Antoine Coutrot,Nathalie GuyaderThis introductory chapter mentions some of the issues that arise in observational studies and describes a few well designed studies. Section 1.7 outlines the book, describes its structure, and suggests alternative ways to read it.

細(xì)頸瓶

Confronting Cold War MasculinityIn a well-designed experiment or observational study, competing theories make conflicting predictions. Several examples, some quite old, are used to illustrate. Also discussed are: the goals of replication, empirical studies of reasons for effects, and the importance of systemic knowledge in eliminating errors.

UNT

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54171-1Transparency means making evidence evident. An observational study that is not transparent may be overwhelming or intimidating, but it is unlikely to be convincing. Several aspects of transparency are briefly discussed.

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Inordinate

Refinement of Nomic Truth ApproximationBefore R.A. Fisher introduced randomized experimentation, the literature on causal inference emphasized reduction of heterogeneity of experimental units. To what extent is heterogeneity relevant to causal claims in observational studies when random assignment of treatments is unethical or infeasible?

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Dilemmas and CraftsmanshipThis introductory chapter mentions some of the issues that arise in observational studies and describes a few well designed studies. Section 1.7 outlines the book, describes its structure, and suggests alternative ways to read it.

大炮

Competing Theories Structure DesignIn a well-designed experiment or observational study, competing theories make conflicting predictions. Several examples, some quite old, are used to illustrate. Also discussed are: the goals of replication, empirical studies of reasons for effects, and the importance of systemic knowledge in eliminating errors.

壓倒

TransparencyTransparency means making evidence evident. An observational study that is not transparent may be overwhelming or intimidating, but it is unlikely to be convincing. Several aspects of transparency are briefly discussed.

開始發(fā)作

Some Counterclaims Undermine ThemselvesA counterclaim disputes the claim that an association between treatment received and outcome exhibited reflects an effect caused by the treatment. Some counterclaims undermine themselves. A supplemental statistical analysis may demonstrate this.