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Titlebook: Cosmic Electrodynamics; Electrodynamics and Gregory D. Fleishman,Igor N. Toptygin Book 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013

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21#
發(fā)表于 2025-3-25 05:46:41 | 只看該作者
Singapore’s Totalitarian Mass Societycillate with some damping rate and so eventually dissipate. In astrophysics, however, there are numerous examples of the states, which are not stable. Instead, an instability takes place in many cases: small random perturbations of the macroscopic parameters rise at the expense of either mechanical
22#
發(fā)表于 2025-3-25 07:38:30 | 只看該作者
23#
發(fā)表于 2025-3-25 13:11:43 | 只看該作者
Wood Pellet Production Standards,re listed in Table1.1. The characteristic spatial scales of these fields can be of the same order of or ever greater than the size of the object. These large-scale fields often coexist with small-scale fields varying on scales much shorter than the object size. The small-scale field is not necessari
24#
發(fā)表于 2025-3-25 18:57:26 | 只看該作者
Elizabeth Arnold,Chester Hanveyms of computing the Poynting vector flux through a closed infinitely distant surface surrounding the radiation source (Melrose 1980;Rybicki and Lightman 1986; Ginzburg 1987;Nagirner 2007b). In contrast, computing the emission from a plasma, which is an anisotropic, dispersive, and absorbing matter,
25#
發(fā)表于 2025-3-25 21:23:25 | 只看該作者
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74612-8thus, the radiation intensity, spectral distribution, polarization, and directivity can all vary in space and time. The theory of radiation transfer represents a broad field of the physics with numerous astrophysical applications (Chandrasekhar 1961;Mihalas 1978;Dolginov etal.1979;Ginzburg 1987; Nag
26#
發(fā)表于 2025-3-26 02:52:14 | 只看該作者
27#
發(fā)表于 2025-3-26 06:18:34 | 只看該作者
Elizabeth Arnold,Chester Hanveyistic plasma component on top of nonrelativistic background plasma or drives the entire plasma to an ultrarelativistic state. A vivid example of the first option is the galactic and extragalactic (ultra-high-energy) cosmic rays (CRs), while the latter one includes ultrarelativistic pulsar winds or j
28#
發(fā)表于 2025-3-26 11:59:40 | 只看該作者
29#
發(fā)表于 2025-3-26 14:40:26 | 只看該作者
30#
發(fā)表于 2025-3-26 19:01:26 | 只看該作者
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