Titlebook: Comprehensive Virology; 17 Methods Used in t Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat,Robert R. Wagner Book 1981 Plenum Press, New York 1981 biology.genetics.

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Serological Methods in the Identification and Characterization of Viruses,ial, and plant viruses are paramount. The same immunochemical principles govern the . serological reactions of all viral antigens, and much of general interest can be learned from the findings obtained with each particular group of viruses. An attempt will be made here to emphasize the general validity of specific experimental procedures.

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Biophysical Methods in Virus Research,tructure. Thus the biophysical methods used in the isolation and characterization of viruses are the same as those used by biochemists generally. It would be impossible in a chapter of reasonable length to deal with all such methods exhaustively. For that reason, an attempt will be made to limit thi

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Structural Studies of Viruses with X-Rays and Neutrons,hniques: electron microscopy and X-rays. The use of X-ray diffraction to investigate virus structures from single crystals was just beginning, and although high resolution was considered as a remote possibility, only low-resolution information was then available. Electron microscopy is a very popula

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Serological Methods in the Identification and Characterization of Viruses, placed on the principles that govern each type of test and on the general applicability of the different serological techniques in all fields of virus research. In recent years, advances in serological techniques have sometimes been applied in only one area of virology, although they could have bee

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