Titlebook: Challenges in Pediatric Kidney Transplantation; A Practical Guide Katherine E. Twombley Book 2021 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Aut

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Immunologic Challenges Pre-transplantaft survival and effects of HLA antibodies on allograft outcomes are becoming clearer, and improved understanding of the HLA antigen system has provided clinicians with the tools to impact individual outcomes of pediatric kidney recipients, as well as the judicious use of these lifesaving and scarce resources.

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Urological Considerations for Pediatric Renal Transplantation: CAKUT Challenges, use of anticholinergics, timed voiding, and bladder surgery. We also discuss various modalities of bladder augmentation and potential metabolic complications associated with each option. In the end, we review potential urological complications after renal transplantation.

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Rheumatologic Challengest exist in managing pediatric patients with SLE, IgAV, and AAV. In general, good outcomes of renal transplantation are reported; thus rheumatologic disease alone should not exclude pediatric patients from renal transplantation.

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Nephrotic Syndrome Challenges: An Old Recurring Problem]. This is especially true in the setting of kidney transplant where recurrence of nephrotic syndrome can be a devastating event. Thus, in this chapter we focus on the risks and treatments of recurrent nephrotic syndrome in the setting of a kidney transplant.

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Challenges of Maintaining Adequate Health and Well-Being, Growth, Nutrition, and Development in Pedi transplant. While it is ideal for children to receive transplantation before they ever enter dialysis to provide them with a chance at best long-term outcomes, it is not always feasible. This chapter will also briefly highlight the importance of proper chronic kidney disease (CKD) and dialysis management for optimal outcomes.