Titlebook: Cerebral Protection in Cerebrovascular and Aortic Surgery; J. Ennker,Joseph S. Coselli,T. Treasure Conference proceedings 1997 Dr. Dietric

nitric-oxide

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Free-Radical

Studies of hypothermic circulatory arrest and low flow bypass as used for congenital heart surgerygenators. In fact, refinements in the technique of cardiopulmonary bypass have meant that support modalities other than circulatory arrest such as low flow hypothermie bypass have become increasingly attractive.

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PET, MRI, and MRS for imaging of functional brain disordersmely useful for clinical diagnosis of structural brain lesions and is widely available today. In recent years, new methods were developed that, in addition to imaging of brain structure, also permit tomographic imaging of brain function and its alterations (Fig. 1).

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Cerebral protection during neurosurgical operationswhich developed after cardiac emboli, cerebral infarction and secondary hemorrhage or to the sometimes disastrous effects of anticoagulants. Cerebral protection is therefore a challenge to both the cardiovascular surgeon and the neurosurgeon. Neuroprotection encompasses three aspects:

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Determination of Speed Parameter, the central nervous system (CNS), is exquisitely sensitive to anoxic insults associated with cerebral ischemia during circulatory arrest. Additional to the abnormalities of the blood flow, metabolism and function of the brain during ischemia and reperfusion, leukocyte-mediated tissue damage will co