Titlebook: Cardiac Fibrosis and Heart Failure: Cause or Effect?; Ian M.C. Dixon,Jeffrey T. Wigle Book 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerl

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Embryological Origin of Valve Progenitor Cells,endocardium, and valve progenitors within, are still not entirely elucidated. The current paradigm stipulates that endocardium is mainly derived from two early embryonic fields, the first and second heart fields. Further delineating the origins of valve progenitors and their specification towards th

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Remodelling of the Cardiac Extracellular Matrix: Role of Collagen Degradation and Accumulation in Pon resulting in an uncoupling between collagen mRNA and protein levels. In this chapter, we will provide an overview of the mechanisms involved in myocardial fibrosis, the disease-dependent nature and consequence of different types of fibrosis, clinical biomarkers of collagen turnover, and potential

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Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9),anslational modification, and downstream ECM substrates. We also explore the overall important role of MMP-9 in adverse cardiac remodeling post-MI and its potential utility as a pathophysiological biomarker. Finally, we highlight MMP-9 endogenous and pharmacological inhibitors and the challenges tha

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