Titlebook: Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka; A Brief History with Waldo E. Martin Book 1998 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Nature America Inc

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Epilogue: The Legacy of ,,quitted themselves as well as, and often better than, their white cohorts. Rather than confirming black incapacity, black Reconstruction confirmed human equality. This exemplary illustration of black achievement in spite of powerful white opposition, Du Bois maintained, was “splendid.”

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The Establishment of the Present Editionesult, the black freedom struggle and the issue of black-white relations increasingly became a national rather than a southern regional concern. Indeed, these large-scale migrations profoundly altered twentieth-century United States life and culture.

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, (1950) and , (1950),esult, the black freedom struggle and the issue of black-white relations increasingly became a national rather than a southern regional concern. Indeed, these large-scale migrations profoundly altered twentieth-century United States life and culture.

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, (1849),During the antebellum era, they shared the growing belief, especially widespread in “enlightened” northern communities such as Boston, Philadelphia, and New York City, in government’s responsibility to maintain public schools open to the children of all citizens. Particularly within communities such

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, (1896), well as through wartime legal measures such as Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation (1863). During Reconstruction (1863–77), the government moved to make ex-slaves full-fledged Americans by abolishing slavery officially (Thirteenth Amendment, 1865), defining blacks as citizens (Fourteenth Am

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, (1950) and , (1950),extraordinary mass migrations — the first and second Great Migrations — significantly expanded the black populations in the North and the West. As a result, the black freedom struggle and the issue of black-white relations increasingly became a national rather than a southern regional concern. Indee

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Popular Response to ,,f the individual editors and editorial boards that crafted them, these editorials necessarily sought in part to represent the moods and reactions of their constituencies. It is useful to consider these documents as rhetorical efforts aimed at communicating general understandings within specific comm