Titlebook: Breastfeeding and Metabolic Programming; ?zlem Naciye ?ahin,Despina D. Briana,Gian Carlo Di Book 2023 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and Th

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33278-4Neonatology; Obesity; Genomics; Breast milk; Infections; Diabetes; Metabolic Syndrome; SDG-related

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Karim Milou,Samira Touate,Majda Felouati it can protect against in infancy, childhood, and even adulthood. Therefore, exclusive breastfeeding for about the first 6?months and continued breastfeeding along with appropriate complementary foods for up to 2?years of age or older is advised [1–3]. This chapter summarizes the immunological and anti-infectious benefits of breastfeeding.

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exorbitant

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56007-1The community of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa residing within the human intestinal tract, which is defined as gut microbiota, plays a significant role in metabolic, neurobehavioral, endocrine, and immune pathways influencing child growth and development [1–3].

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Breast Milk as a Biological SystemBreast milkBiological systemNewborn

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56007-1 of 6?months [1, 2]. The composition of breast milk is optimized for the infants to grow and develop healthily, with the appropriate balance of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Breast milk contains bioactive compounds that play particularly significant roles at critical points when the central n