Titlebook: Biology and Management of Multiple Myeloma; James R. Berenson Book 2004 Springer Science+Business Media New York 2004 Staging.anemia.bone

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Diagnosis of Multiple Myeloma,arrow. Frequently, the myeloma invades adjacent bone, destroying skeletal structures and resulting in bone pain and fractures. Occasionally, plasma cells infiltrate multiple organs and produce other symptoms. The excessive production of a monoclonal (M) protein can lead to renal failure caused by Be

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Characterization of the Myeloma Clone, lymphocytes all produce an identical immunoglobulin known as a monoclonal protein, the laboratory hallmark of this malignancy. Because MM is typically disseminated throughout the body at diagnosis, malignant cells must also exist, even if transiently, within the circulation as well. Although plasma

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Oncogenesis of Multiple Myeloma,hts into the biology and molecular pathology of the disease have suggested that MM originates from a somatically mutated and isotype-switched follicle-center B cell that has retained its ability to differentiate into a plasma cell homing to the bone marrow. Initiation and progression of the disease

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Cytokines in Multiple Myeloma,re their survival is strongly dependent on the normal stromal cells that secrete cytokines and interact with the malignant cells through adhesion molecules. This chapter briefly summarizes the main features of normal plasma cell development. It will then consider recent information on the cytokines

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Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance,n). Each M protein consists of two heavy polypeptide chains of the same class and subclass and two light polypeptide chains of the same type. The heavy polypeptide chains are γin immunoglobulin (Ig) G, a in IgA, α in IgM, δ in IgD, and ε in IgE. The light-chain types are κ and λ.

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Tumor Burden,rs from that in solid tumors such as lymphoma, where direct assessment of tumor mass is often possible. In myeloma, measures used to quantitate tumor burden are almost all indirect and response to therapy difficult to quantify. The percentage of plasma cells in the bone marrow could be considered a

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