Titlebook: Biological Transformation; Reimund Neugebauer Book 2020 Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 Digital transformation.

maroon

Turbulent Nonpremixed Flames,Turbulent nonpremixed flames are of interest in practical applications. They appear in jet engines, Diesel engines, steam boilers, furnaces, and hydrogen-oxygen rocket motors. Except for the turbulent premixed combustion in many spark-ignited engines (Otto cycles), most combustion is turbulent nonpremixed.

candle

Overview of Continuous-Time ,- and ,-Optimal ControlThis chapter gives an overview of the standard . and . problems for continuous-time systems. Two examples illustrate how to set problems up as . or . problems.

咽下

The Navier-Stokes-Equations for Three-Dimensional Reacting Flows,In the previous chapters, the conservation equations for one-dimensional flames were developed, solution methods discussed, and results presented. In this chapter, general three-dimensional conservation equations are derived for mass, energy, and momentum; these are the Navier-Stokes equations for reactive flow.

控制

Ganglion-Cyst

Introduction, Fundamental Definitions and Phenomena,Combustion is the oldest technology of mankind; it has been used for more than one million years. At present, about 90% of our worldwide energy support (e. g., in traffic, electrical power generation, heating) is provided by combustion; therefore it is really worthwhile studying this process.

Indelible

Pizzas, Towers, and BinomialsIn the previous chapter, we observed a cohort of tenth-grade students as they investigated the connections among the pizza problems, the towers problems, the binomial coefficients, and Pascal’s Triangle, leading to their increased understanding of the meaning of the numbers in Pascal’s Triangle and how the triangle grows.

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Ascendancy

Representations as Tools for Building ArgumentsIn this chapter, we discuss the children’s earliest work on combinatorics problems, the second- and third-grade efforts on the shirts and jeans problem:

Preserve

Abnormalities of Cartilage and Fibrous Tissue,Abnormal development of cartilage and fibrous tissue leads to significant orthopaedic complications in a number of conditions which are reviewed in this chapter. These disorders are not all genetic but we consider that their inclusion is warranted in view of their clinical interrelationship and orthopaedic importance.

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MethodologyIn this chapter, we discuss how data were collected and analyzed, and we briefly describe some results, which will be more fully explored in later chapters. We summarize student work on fundamental problems and note how this work led to exceptional growth in the students’ mathematical understanding.