Titlebook: Argumentative Indicators in Discourse; A Pragma-Dialectical Frans H. Eemeren,Peter Houtlosser,A. Francisca Sno Book 2007 Springer Science+B

auxiliary

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7607-0 determine whether the protagonist has conclusively defended his initial standpoint or the antagonist has successfully attacked that standpoint. The purpose of this is to be able to decide who has the right to maintain his initial position at the end of the discussion and who has to retract his initial position.

使熄滅

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6244-5Argumentation Theory; English; dialectical profiles; discourse; formal logic; informal logic; issue; lingui

investigate

四牛在彎曲

The Identification of Argumentative Indicators,in my opinion’, ‘to my mind’, ‘the way I see it’ or ‘thus’ or ‘therefore’ may, for example, introduce a standpoint, and the use of ‘because’ or ‘given that’ argumentation. We call words and expressions that may refer to argumentative moves such as putting forward a standpoint or argumentation .. The

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The Ideal Model of a Critical Discussion as a Theoretical Framework,ated that is aimed at resolving a difference of opinion on the merits (van Eemeren & Grootendorst 1984, 2004). This model specifies the dialectical stages that have to be distinguished in resolving a difference of opinion, as well as the verbal moves that serve a constructive purpose in the differen

Essential

壓迫

Indicators of the Distribution of the Burden of Proof,hey will follow in the discussion: which utterances must be defended by which party in the discussion – who has the burden of proof for what? – and which utterances do not have to be defended but can be used, instead, as starting points in the defence of other utterances under discussion? In order t

Promotion

Indicators of Starting Points for the Discussion,ablishment of the material (or substantial) starting points for the discussion. As early as in classical dialectics these starting points played a crucial part, since a dialectic was interpreted as a critical dialogue in which one party, the opponent, tries to refute the standpoint of the other part

debunk

Indicators of Argument Schemes,or (in the case of coordination) the applied arguments and the standpoint at issue. A central question when evaluating an argumentative discussion or text is whether the argument schemes that the defender of a particular standpoint uses are in fact appropriate and correctly applied. The pragma-diale

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