Titlebook: Applying Comparative Effectiveness Data to Medical Decision Making; A Practical Guide Carl Asche Textbook 2016 Springer International Publi

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Evaluating Published CER Evidence,nother highlight is that this chapter integrates a latest clinical practice guideline for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with the details of developing an intervention recommendation based on the GRADE criteria. It could serve to guide other researchers to apply this procedure to develop other recommendations.

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Introduction to Comparative Effectiveness Research,tion of health-care outcomes that are achieved relative to the cost incurred, is seen as an approach that would help stem the ever-increasing health-care costs. The CER initiative has been denoted as a novel way to improve health-care decisions made by patients, physicians, and other stakeholders. L

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Randomized Controlled Trials,servational study is an efficient design. Sometimes inherent biases in observational studies yield false results that require refutation by a randomized controlled trial. An illustrative example occurred with hormone replacement therapy in post-menopausal women. Numerous observational studies showed

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Observational Studies,ies, complement randomized controlled trials (RCTs) by evaluating large sample populations with a broader scope..Secondary databases are also relatively more feasible than RCTs due to lower costs and greater timeliness. While administrative databases are originally created with the purpose of medica

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Evaluating Published CER Evidence,dation is a critical step to reach this goal. This chapter uses plenty of examples to introduce how to identify and assess evidence, how to evaluate recommendation’s direction and strength, and how to develop a good recommendation in practice..Aside from an instruction of evidence source and acquisi

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Epidemiological Principles Applied to CER,based on plenty of scientific evidences instead of gambling. On the other hand, any decision might have to take a certain risk because uncertainty always exists in the real world. The key question is how to understand and measure the risk of decision making..This chapter starts from several relevant

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