Titlebook: Algorithmic and Computer Methods for Three-Manifolds; A. T. Fomenko,S. V. Matveev Book 1997 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1997

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Surfaces,c to each of them along their boundaries yields a closed surface. Conversely, any compact surface with boundary is obtained from a closed surface by the removal of several open discs—wherever these discs are located or whatever their shape, only their number is of importance. At the present stage we shall restrict our study to closed surfaces.

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Class ,,f this class graph-manifolds. Their second birth and the name “class .”are due to A.T. Fomenko who discovered a close connection between (complete) integrability of Hamiltonian mechanical systems on four-dimensional symplectic manifolds and the topological structure of level surfaces of the Hamiltonian .. For details see the papers [57, 58, 59].

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Methodische Anlage der Untersuchungc to each of them along their boundaries yields a closed surface. Conversely, any compact surface with boundary is obtained from a closed surface by the removal of several open discs—wherever these discs are located or whatever their shape, only their number is of importance. At the present stage we shall restrict our study to closed surfaces.

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Methodische Anlage der Untersuchunge edge onto the other. The space obtained from the polygons by identification of edges by means of all the chosen homeomorphisms will be denoted by .. As proved in Section 2.1, . is always a closed surface.

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