Titlebook: Advances in Solid State Physics 45; B. Kramer Book 2006 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006 Condensed Matter.Festk?rperphysik.Physikali

RADE

Blatant

審問

Theory of Surface Optical Properties,der approximation, is now the state of the art to obtain quasi-particle excitation energies and optical spectra of surfaces. In this paper we will present the current status of theoretical and computational approach. Realistic calculations of surface optical properties within the single-particle app

大量殺死

Manipulations of a Qubit in a Semiconductor Quantum Dot,w resonance of only a few .eV width. The resonant interaction of this two-level system with cw laser fields can be studied in detail by photocurrent spectroscopy, revealing the fine structure of the excitonic ground state as well as the effects of nonlinear absorption and power broadening. For the c

Critical

The Integrable ,(2/1) Superspin Chain and the Spin Quantum Hall Effect,ights into the delocalization transition of non-interacting two-dimensional electrons with disorder. Critical exponents determined this way are an important step towards the identification of the conformal field theory (CFT) describing the universal physics at the transition. To collect more informa

lavish

駕駛

駭人

通便

Two-Gap Superconductivity in Magnesium Diboride,ppens and address some of its unusual implications. The anisotropy ratio of the upper critical field in MgB. single crystals shows an unusual strong temperature dependence. Measurements of the microwave conductivity on MgB. thin films have shown an anomalous coherence peak appearing at significantly

LEVY

Hui Shen,Li Zhu,Xianggong Hong,Weike Changtz, Clausius, Nernst and Einstein. We underline the key role of thermodynamic ideas in the scientific revolutions in the 20th century. Further we discuss several recent applications to natural, evolutionary and informational systems, exotic applications as well as perspectives and open problems.