Titlebook: Advances in Echo Imaging Using Contrast Enhancement; Navin C. Nanda (Professor of Medicine and Director Book 1993 Springer Science+Busines

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David Marsh,David Richards,Martin J. Smithtion makes the blood “echogenic” is not a new one. This has been used extensively with both M-mode echocardiography and 2D echocardiography since the early 1970s [1–6]. The applications of contrast echocardiography included the following:

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Linda Darkwa,Philip Attuquayefiobeen developed in order to standardize right heart opacification [4] and to enhance echocardiographic Doppler signals [5–9]. The latter effect was not expected [9]. All agents contain air as reported by others between 12 and 35 μl/ml [9]. The stability reaches more than 5 min. Injections of up to 20

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Michael Baffoe,Mavis Dako-Gyeke fossa ovalis (septum secundum) and guarded by the septum primum. This valve-like mechanism avoids regurgitation from the left to the right atrium. After birth — when left atrial pressure exceeds right atrial pressure — the septum secundum is pressed against the septum primum and the foramen ovale i

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4560-47-4 successes enjoyed by combining exercise and pharmacologic stress testing with echocardiographic imaging. Our own group at the University of California, San Francisco, has also participated in these developments by combining exercise testing with echocardiographic hemodynamics. The reasons for this

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Changing Practices, Changing Educationments, by cardiac catheterization, are invasive and costly and therefore not suitable for routine and serial assessment. Although M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography might be useful to detect the narrowing of aortic valve, they lack the specificity for evaluating the severity of aortic steno

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-05803-7ppler echocardiography was then neglected, probably because the introduction of more sensitive Doppler equipment promised a sufficient display of intracardiac blood flow. Today Doppler techniques are used for routine diagnostic procedures. Extensive experimental and clinical advantages and limitatio