Titlebook: A Metaphysics of Platonic Universals and their Instantiations; Shadow of Universals José Tomás Alvarado Book 2020 The Editor(s) (if applica

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als and their instantiations. Several important concepts and theses for that argumentation are introduced, like ‘property’, ‘universal’, ‘trope’, ‘possible world’, ‘grounding’, ‘dependence’, ‘intrinsic/extrinsic property’, ‘mereological sum’ and ‘a(chǎn)bstract/concrete’.

NADIR

cts have the ‘same’ nature (the one over many problem), why the same object has different natures (the many over one problem), why different objects are objectively similar, why objects have the causal powers they have, what are natural laws, and why our epistemic practices of induction seem reliabl

AROMA

resemblance nominalism, especially in its strongest formulation by Gonzalo Rodriguez-Pereyra. It is argued that there are important difficulties for resemblance nominalism because it requires to postulate primitive and complicated facts of resemblance, it requires an inversion of the direction of o

舊石器

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2575-5d that classes of tropes are free from the problems that affect resemblance nominalism while still evading universal entities. It is argued here that these supposed advantages are illusory. Resemblance classes of tropes have the same difficulties of resemblance classes of objects, because the relati

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ALLAY

https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137415189re adequate for an actualist modal metaphysics. This argumentation requires a detailed examination of how transcendent universals work in comparison to immanent universals in each of the main actualist conceptions of possible worlds: possible worlds as maximal structural universals, possible worlds

冷漠

https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137415189nt. It is argued in this chapter that only transcendent universals can satisfy this theoretical function. Transcendent universals have been postulated as constituents of natural laws since 1977 by Michael Tooley. The cases presented by Tooley are discussed and generalized. Functional laws are not of

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合群

Hormones

https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230604308e is just a unique nomic network of necessary existence. Nevertheless, some have maintained that the conditions of identity for universals that result from these ideas are incoherent. It is explained here that this problem of incoherence can be dealt with, but assuming that the nomic structure is on