Titlebook: A Goal-Oriented Approach to Forest Landscape Restoration; John Stanturf,Palle Madsen,David Lamb Book 2012 Springer Science+Business Media

松軟無力

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32616-0nt agencies, NGOs and local university staff. A high priority was given to making forest restoration an attractive land use activity for villagers in the area. Several types of reforestation were undertaken in different areas including restoration of a secondary forest area, reforestation of severel

Celiac-Plexus

Early Economic Writings, 1897–1908nd technical issues. In this chapter, we provide a synthesis of China’s recent forest restoration efforts and progress, including information on six major nationwide programs and we identify major ecological and social challenges and key scientific issues. We examine how China’s evolving forestry st

清晰

chance

生來

,Hamburger Intermezzo (1919–1924),f fire alone provided mixed results for obtaining restoration goals. Silvicultural treatments can be used in some situations where fire may not be a feasible option (e.g. wildland urban interface), but these treatments do not provide ecosystem functions associated with fire.

chastise

Die Entstehung der Kontinente und Ozeane,e of streamside forests in moderating water temperature; and use of floodplain forests by fish to forage and reproduce. Many fishes in the region derive multiple benefits from instream wood. The region faces major challenges in conserving not only native fishes but the entire richly diverse system o

無可爭辯

Texts and Professional Activities,vegetation. The kind of trees planted, planting density, and long-term maintenance of the restored forest will depend on whether the restored area is within a protected or otherwise designated area or on customary lands mixed with agriculture. A necessary measure in all restoration projects in Afric

neologism

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11104-8ide information on common restoration methods and cost estimates. More effective use and further development of such knowledge could substantially reduce the economic, ecological, and social impact of southern pine beetle within the southern United States and adjacent areas.

沙漠

dapper