Titlebook: Work Out Chemistry GCSE; Alan Barker,Kathryn Knapp Textbook 1990Latest edition Kathryn Knapp and Alan Barker 1990 bonding.Confidence.energ

摘要

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Acids, Bases and Salts,Acidity is measured on the ., a scale of numbers normally ranging from 0 to 14. A pH value of 7 is neutral, less than 7 is acidic and more than 7 is alkaline. A . gives different colours corresponding to different pH values, typical results being red for pH = 1, purple for pH = 14.

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The Metals,When metals are arranged in order of decreasing chemical reactivity, the . is obtained. The chemical properties of a metal and its compounds are related to the position of the metal in the reactivity series as shown in Table 12.1.

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Postulate

Nitrogen,Nitrogen forms about 78% of the air and can be prepared from it by removing oxygen and carbon dioxide. Industrially, nitrogen is obtained by the fractional distillation of liquid air (see Section 9.2).

下垂

Oxygen and Sulphur,Oxygen is the most abundant element in the Earth’s crust; it also forms 21 % of the atmosphere.

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Some Industrial Processes,Industrial processes are designed to manufacture products as economically as possible, taking into account both the speed and the cost of operation.

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Chemical Analysis,This section has been restricted to the detection of the following ions:., K., Na., Ca., Al., Zn., Fe., Fe., Cu., . and Cl..

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