Titlebook: Women, Work, and Patriarchy in the Middle East and North Africa; Fariba Solati Book 2017 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2

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Introduction,pating in the labor market in large numbers. By investigating different variables affecting women’s participation in labor market, measuring levels of patriarchy and reviewing ethnographic studies on women’s work in the informal sector, this study identifies the institution of patriarchy as the main reason for the region’s low rate of FLFP.

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Measuring Patriarchy: The Determinants of Patriarchy in the Middle East and North Africa,a (MENA), on average, MENA countries have higher levels of patriarchy with regard to women’s access to public spheres. This appears to be related to Islamic ideology, regional culture and oil income. Although the rates of change of different aspects of patriarchy are not uniform, patriarchy is declining globally, yet very slowly.

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Conclusion,ar challenges. Despite many improvements in the region, such as higher rates of education for girls, patriarchal institutions have not weakened, especially with regards to women’s access to public spheres. This is mainly because many aspects of patriarchal culture have been legitimized by religion and supported by many states in the region.

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Explaining the Low Rate of Female Labor Force Participation in the Middle East and North Africa,e low rate of Female Labor Force Participation (FLFP) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). The study finds that basic education and lower fertility rate are associated with higher FLFP while the effects of secondary and tertiary education on FLFP are ambiguous. Neither Islam nor oil income ar

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,Invisible Work of the Invisible Half: Women and “Work” in the Middle East and North Africa,dle East and North Africa (MENA) reveals that women participate in a variety of economic activities. Many women, however, have to choose working in the informal sector (or work without pay) because they live in deep-rooted patriarchal societies. Two important aspects of patriarchy in MENA play major

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Measuring Patriarchy: The Determinants of Patriarchy in the Middle East and North Africa,es the Principal Component Analysis method to compress these indicators into three main measures of patriarchy (gender gap in education and demography, gender gap in survival rates and gender gap in public spheres). The study finds that compared with countries outside the Middle East and North Afric