Titlebook: White Sea; Its Marine Environme Nikolai Filatov,Ola M. Johannessen,Lasse Pettersso Book 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005 Climate

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Climate of the White Sea catchment and scenarios of climate and river runoff changes,3.1 describes the patterns of climate variability as revealed by a long observational time series. Section 3.2 describes different climatic scenarios and estimates of changes in river runoff, based on new model experiments using the Max-Planck Institute for Meteorology ECHAM4/OPYC3 model.

Middle-Ear

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Aquatic ecosystem profile,in bird and mammal species. The White Sea ecosystem is complicated, as each of its levels is characterized by numerous trophic ties that vary in the annual cycle and depend on the current environmental settings in both the White and Barents Seas. The state of phytoplankton and zooplankton communitie

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Economy of the White Sea watershed area,natural resources, including minerals and other types of resource. Section 7.2 summarizes the population and demographic characteristics of the region. Economic indicators are described in Section 7.3. Section 7.4 describes the sectors and branches of the regional economy in the region. Investments

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Geographic Information Systems for managing the ecosystem and living resources of the White Sea,ystematization, storage, processing, analysis, assessment, and display and distribution of data, and thus for the provision of information and knowledge about spatially and temporally-varying phenomena (Tikunov, 1991). GIS is used for the solution of a broad spectrum of scientific and practical task

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Water quality assessment and the problem of marine ecosystem stability,em. Section 9.1 provides some background on the sources of White Sea water pollution and the context of water quality degradation and marine ecosystem stability. Section 9.2 describes a dedicated assessment of the White Sea ecosystem as impacted by water quality changes. Section 9.3 summarizes the m

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Numerical simulations of the White Sea hydrodynamics and marine ecosystem,odynamic numerical modeling effort performed at the Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center (NERSC), Bergen, Norway. Section 10.2 describes a 1-D ecological model by the Finnish Institute for Marine Research (FIMR), Helsinki. Another model from FIMR — a more complex, mixotrophic ecosytem mode

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Afterword,l programs performed by the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) and other institutes. Multi-year, multidisciplinary investigations of the White Sea have been, and continue to be, conducted by a number of Russian organizations such as the Institute of Oceanography (RAS), Moscow State University, and th