| 書目名稱 | Watershed Management | | 副標題 | Balancing Sustainabi | | 編輯 | Robert J. Naiman | | 視頻video | http://file.papertrans.cn/1022/1021185/1021185.mp4 | | 圖書封面 |  | | 描述 | Conceptual separation of humans and natural ecosystems is reflected in the thinking of most natural resource management professions, including for- estry, wildlife management, fisheries, range management, and watershed management (Burch 1971). Such thinking can deny the reality of the human element in local, regional, and global ecosystems (Bonnicksen and Lee 1982, Klausner 1971, Vayda 1977). As complex organisms with highly developed cultural abilities to modify their environment, humans directly or indirectly affect almost all terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems (Bennett 1976). Conse- quently, information for managing watershed ecosystems is incomplete without consideration of human institutions and activities. Sociologists have studied the relationships between human societies and the land base or ecosystems on which they depend for over 60 years (Field and Burch 1990). These studies are distinguished by (1) a holistic perspec- tive that sees people and their environments as interacting systems, (2) flex- ible approaches that permit either the environment or human society to be treated as the independent variable in analyzing of society-environment re- lations, and (3) accumulati | | 出版日期 | Book 1992 | | 關鍵詞 | agriculture; environment; forest; policy; sustainability; water quality and water pollution; air pollution | | 版次 | 1 | | doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4382-3 | | isbn_softcover | 978-0-387-94232-2 | | isbn_ebook | 978-1-4612-4382-3 | | copyright | Springer-Verlag New York, Inc. 1992 |
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