作者: 裝勇敢地做 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 23:16 作者: 尾巴 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 02:02 作者: Panther 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 05:35 作者: 無(wú)可非議 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 09:52
Light Sources with General Application, solids is based on Planck’s and Kirchhoff’s law, whereas in gas-discharge lamps the radiation from characteristic transitions of valence electrons is used as well. Thus, in the latter a high density of radiation can be obtained in a narrow frequency range. Recently, the broad-band radiation emitted作者: 改良 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 13:22
Spectral Analysis of Light,omators or interferometers are applied to perform this analysis. These instruments will be discussed in the current chapter. It is often useful to “preprocess” the light on its way from the light source to the analyzer or from the analyzer to the detector. Optical elements like reflectors, lenses, f作者: 溝通 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 19:23
Detection of Electromagnetic Radiation,number of different constraints. Requirements can be high sensitivity, large bandwidth, high speed, high stability, etc. Hence, a large number of different concepts and technical realizations exist for the detectors. Their characteristic and basic properties are:作者: 火光在搖曳 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 23:19
The Dielectric Function,ral description of the reaction of a system to an external force. As long as the reaction is linear, the response is obtained according to a . and the relations describing the reactions are called the .. Thus, the linear response functions are properties of the solid-state system itself and are inde作者: Inclement 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 03:22
Spectroscopy in the Visible and Near-Visible Spectral Range,this range spectroscopy can be performed with the naked eye without any scientific instruments. However, even here, highly sophisticated experimental techniques have been applied and have revealed many details about electronic structures. In the present chapter we review first some details about the作者: 駭人 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 09:31 作者: 心痛 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 13:03
Light-Scattering Spectroscopy, boundary between two media with different indices of refraction. Straight propagation of light holds only as long as the medium is homogeneous. If this is not the case and if the inhomogeneities are, in particular, of the size of the light wavelength scattering into arbitrary or well defined direct作者: Vulvodynia 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 17:28
Infrared Spectroscopy,als exhibit a more or less expressed structure of the absorption in the IR spectral range. The origin of these structures has already been discussed to some extent in Chap. 7. Absorption processes due to transitions across the energy gap, from excitons or from impurity states, are found in the visib作者: 嚴(yán)厲譴責(zé) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 21:24 作者: Mri485 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 23:11
,Spectroscopy with γ Rays, quantized states of the nuclei. Even with these very hard light quanta spectroscopy in solids can be very useful. The subject was triggered in 1958 when . reported for the first time recoil free resonance absorption for . rays. This technique is now known as .. Recently additional spectroscopic met作者: Connotation 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 03:59
Generalized Dielectric Function,ot only excitations by electromagnetic radiation, a description is needed which goes beyond the electromagnetic response. The description will still be phenomenological as a general formulation of the linear response theory is beyond the frame of this textbook. However, some fundamental concepts of 作者: fatuity 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 09:46
Spectroscopy with Electrons,cles will also interact with the electronic system of the solid and will thus be subjected to an energy loss. This means energy transfer between the beam and the systems will take place and similar absorption and scattering spectra can be expected as described for the Raman effect and for optical ab作者: Affluence 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 14:06
Spectroscopy with Positrons and Muons,tant are positrons and muons. If a positron is accommodated in a solid its lifetime depends critically on the environment and enables thus information to be drawn about the latter. Investigations of this type are known as . (PAS).作者: 約會(huì) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 15:11 作者: 埋葬 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 22:00 作者: 干涉 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 23:12
together with the basic principles and the technical background for various scattering experiments. Fourier transform spectroscopy, pulsed and magnetic NMR techniques, photo-emission, and light and electron scattering are elucidated. Each chapter includes problems. The concept of this textbook is designed for graduate students.978-3-662-03594-8作者: 精美食品 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 06:50 作者: 不怕任性 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 10:04
Spectroscopy with Electrons,asurements for electrons or holes across junctions between two materials are an excellent method to obtain information on electron and even phonon densities of states. The two most important experimental techniques in this field are . (EELS) and ..作者: 不幸的人 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 13:39
Electromagnetic Radiation,are discussed and applied to the important case of radiation from sources with limited emission time. These sections are rather short since the readers should be familiar with such subjects. For those who need a tutorial or a review, a more detailed treatment of the subject can be found in Appendix B.作者: MODE 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 19:30
Spectral Analysis of Light,ilters, polarizers, etc., are appropriate for this process. Light pipes or fiber optics are convenient means to guide the light. Thus, before discussing in detail spectrometers and interferometers we will review some useful optical elements.作者: Decrepit 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 21:29
Symmetry and Selection Rules,group theory. Selection rules for electronic and vibronic transitions will be discussed. An extended summary of group theory, the character tables for the point groups, and more about transformation of coordinates are given in Appendix G.作者: 熱心 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 00:45 作者: 有發(fā)明天才 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 07:10
Textbook 19981st editionles and the technical background for various scattering experiments. Fourier transform spectroscopy, pulsed and magnetic NMR techniques, photo-emission, and light and electron scattering are elucidated. Each chapter includes problems. The concept of this textbook is designed for graduate students.作者: 共同時(shí)代 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 09:38
,Spectroscopy with γ Rays,hen . reported for the first time recoil free resonance absorption for . rays. This technique is now known as .. Recently additional spectroscopic methods were developed on the basis of an angular correlation of . rays which enable information about the chemical environment of special nuclei inserted into the lattice to be obtained.作者: Ventilator 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 15:40 作者: 鼓掌 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 18:47
Textbook 19981st editionharged and neutral particles have been invented and worked out to a high level in order to provide more detailed information on the solids. In this text, new radiation sources like lasers and synchrotrons are discussed. It provides a description of the linear response together with the basic princip作者: RUPT 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 21:02 作者: 地牢 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 02:08 作者: 菊花 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 07:30 作者: 江湖騙子 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 10:02 作者: otic-capsule 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 15:58 作者: Neutropenia 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 19:21 作者: 無(wú)節(jié)奏 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 22:11
Neutron Scattering,Today neutron scattering is one of the most important experimental techniques in condensed matter analysis. Its application extends far beyond solidstate physics and plays an important role in fields such as structure of liquids, biophysics, biology, medicine, or environmental research.作者: 使絕緣 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 04:29 作者: Silent-Ischemia 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 08:06 作者: PHON 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 13:17 作者: 起波瀾 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 14:34
Hans Kuzmanyassessing their knowledge of anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology, ethics, pharmacology, and essential clinical skills. A key to successful mentoring lies in integrating them properly in the new culture, system, and work environment, as well as in inducing and strengthening in them the sense of belo作者: Lineage 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 21:37
Hans Kuzmanyto their involvement in mentorship and the mentor/mentee relationship. This chapter delves into the professional growth that can be achieved through mentoring and fellowship opportunities and the ability for a mentor/mentee partnership to facilitate enhancement of research involvement and success.作者: originality 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 01:17 作者: impale 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 06:14
Hans Kuzmany dennoch nur wenige Professorinnen. In typischen ?M?nnerf?chern“ findet man wenige Studentinnen, aber dieser Anteil bleibt auf den einzelnen Qualifikationsstufen ann?hernd gleich (vgl. Erhebung Mannheim 2002, BLK 2004b). Statistische Analysen zeigen deutlich die Z?suren, die sich bei der Promotion u作者: 軟膏 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 09:19 作者: Fluctuate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 14:01
Hans Kuzmanyn policy, his concept of social fields can contribute to researching and understanding education policy by conceptualising a national education policy field. They advocate adopting his methodological approach by focussing on education practices in terms of activity and naming (page 730). This chapte作者: LOPE 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 18:38 作者: 頂點(diǎn) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 20:21 作者: 悶熱 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 00:09
Hans Kuzmanyife and relationships with other people? Several of the men’s stories share common features and also bear similarities to those presented in earlier research on the experiences of women victims of violence. The participants from immigrant backgrounds all describe a childhood in which it was quite co作者: infatuation 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 05:10
Hans Kuzmany the author discusses the social determinants of men’s mental health and accompanying psychosocial interventions, moving beyond one-dimensional discussions of masculinity. Among the topics covered are:.The Social Determinants of Male Suicide.Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Young Males: T作者: Gudgeon 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 11:49
Hans Kuzmanyma and financial strain leading to a weakening of social integration and connection, and a diminishing sense of meaning and purpose. Of note, male suicide rates have been rising steadily in the last 15?years, with several studies linking this rise to the 2007–2008 Global Financial Crisis and the sub作者: urethritis 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 16:15 作者: ALERT 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 20:31 作者: 教唆 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 00:15 作者: 季雨 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 01:24
m and rational converse… And a wit [is] always a wit, might be added, for the vain fooleries of wits and beauties to obtain attention, and make conquests, are much upon a par”. To Wollstonecraft, wits have much in common with women: lacking any better function, they exist to amuse the idle hours of 作者: 祝賀 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 06:29
Introduction,nsed matter and, in particular, to solids needs to be investigated. Information on the matter is obtained from the radiation spectrum modified by its interaction with the electronic and magnetic configuration of molecules or crystals. This interaction can proceed either by two-particle interaction, 作者: opalescence 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 09:20
The Dielectric Function, than studying the response function directly the linear relation between the Fourier transform of the driving force and the Fourier transform of the system response are considered. One of the most fundamental response functions is the electric susceptibility which describes the polarization . gener作者: 晚來(lái)的提名 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 17:03
Infrared Spectroscopy, the Kramers—Heisenberg dielectric function. In the preset chapter particular attention will be paid to special instrumentation not discussed previously, to advanced problems and to several examples from solid-state physics. The first two sections elucidate the characteristic difference between radi作者: Harass 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 17:57 作者: 精確 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 23:41
his is an issue across different sectors, and is a key indicator not only of the quality of mentoring practices generally but also of mentee satisfaction with them. The chapter then turns to consider a different way of thinking about this problematic issue of time for mentoring by turning to the wor作者: 摻假 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 03:40 作者: 符合國(guó)情 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 09:34 作者: 密碼 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 10:45
Hans Kuzmanyand value of an external mentor and mentee relationship are explained, as the roles are instrumental in creating an unbiased educational opportunity in an area of expertise. Lessons learned and best practices for leveraging external mentors for nontraditional impact in academic nursing are described作者: acquisition 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 17:43 作者: configuration 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 20:08
Hans Kuzmanynschaft. Mit steigendem Qualifikationsniveau sinkt der Frauenanteil kontinuierlich, um schlie?lich bei den Professuren auf 11,9% abzufallen (vgl. BLK 2004b: 5). Dieser Sachverhalt gilt für alle F?cher, wenn auch in unterschiedlichem Ausma?. Bemerkenswert ist insbesondere, dass selbst in Disziplinen 作者: heart-murmur 時(shí)間: 2025-4-2 00:46
