標(biāo)題: Titlebook: Science in the Context of Application; Martin Carrier,Alfred Nordmann Book 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011 Applied Research [打印本頁] 作者: Lensometer 時間: 2025-3-21 16:17
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書目名稱Science in the Context of Application網(wǎng)絡(luò)公開度學(xué)科排名
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書目名稱Science in the Context of Application讀者反饋
書目名稱Science in the Context of Application讀者反饋學(xué)科排名
作者: 宣誓書 時間: 2025-3-21 20:29
Martin Carrier,Alfred Nordmannbrick, 1980). From a normative perspective, firm leaders approach these challenges by “imaginative acts of integrating numerous complex decisions” (Andrews et al., 1967; Andrews, 1971, p. 34), also referred to as “strategy”. Descriptively speaking, strategy . includes the definition of goals and an 作者: dearth 時間: 2025-3-22 02:48
ensch’s data, the first to be published, have drawn greatest attention in the literature. His approach and the criticisms of it will therefore be discussed in rather more detail. Mensch distinguishes between basic innovations, improvement innovations, and pseudo-innovations. Basic innovations can be作者: Instinctive 時間: 2025-3-22 05:01 作者: CANT 時間: 2025-3-22 09:57 作者: MOAT 時間: 2025-3-22 15:06 作者: 進(jìn)步 時間: 2025-3-22 17:51 作者: 入伍儀式 時間: 2025-3-22 22:39
Martin Carrier,Patrick Finzerensch’s data, the first to be published, have drawn greatest attention in the literature. His approach and the criticisms of it will therefore be discussed in rather more detail. Mensch distinguishes between basic innovations, improvement innovations, and pseudo-innovations. Basic innovations can be作者: 動作謎 時間: 2025-3-23 01:39
Bernadette Bensaude-Vincentensch’s data, the first to be published, have drawn greatest attention in the literature. His approach and the criticisms of it will therefore be discussed in rather more detail. Mensch distinguishes between basic innovations, improvement innovations, and pseudo-innovations. Basic innovations can be作者: 方舟 時間: 2025-3-23 08:53 作者: 載貨清單 時間: 2025-3-23 12:22
Johannes Lenhard,Eric Winsbergensch’s data, the first to be published, have drawn greatest attention in the literature. His approach and the criticisms of it will therefore be discussed in rather more detail. Mensch distinguishes between basic innovations, improvement innovations, and pseudo-innovations. Basic innovations can be作者: Verify 時間: 2025-3-23 15:22 作者: 群居動物 時間: 2025-3-23 21:51
Computational Science and Its EffectsThis chapter discusses ways in which the rise of computational science has changed the epistemplogy and metaphysics of science. It argues that computational science constitutes neither a Kuhnian revolution nor a “Hacking Revolution”, but an emplacement revolution.作者: 拋棄的貨物 時間: 2025-3-23 23:45 作者: HEAVY 時間: 2025-3-24 04:21
978-94-007-3427-2Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011作者: myriad 時間: 2025-3-24 06:48
Science in the Context of Application978-90-481-9051-5Series ISSN 0068-0346 Series E-ISSN 2214-7942 作者: Angiogenesis 時間: 2025-3-24 13:19
Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Sciencehttp://image.papertrans.cn/s/image/862580.jpg作者: 磨碎 時間: 2025-3-24 16:05
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9051-5Applied Research; Scientific Method; Technoscience作者: 人類的發(fā)源 時間: 2025-3-24 21:08
Knowledge, Politics, and Commerce: Science Under the Pressure of Practiceplication. Yet the external determination of the research agenda which characterizes application-oriented research may produce biases that need to be compensated for moral reasons by science in the public interest.作者: 憤世嫉俗者 時間: 2025-3-25 00:13
Holism and Entrenchment in Climate Model Validatione role of anything that can suitably be called auxiliary hypotheses. Rather, they are deep and entrenched problems that confront the scientist who works with models whose component parts interact in such a complex manner, and have such a complex history, that the scientist is unable to evaluate the worth of the parts in isolation作者: Constrain 時間: 2025-3-25 04:53
The Cognitive, Instrumental and Institutional Origins of Nanoscale Research: The Place of Biologyt name, we will argue that the substance of the field arose suddenly and completely unexpectedly in the course of a single decade. A variety of science emerged that is in some respects novel, being grounded in the combinatorial of new instruments, new materials and a new logic regarding the formulation of research questions.作者: 門閂 時間: 2025-3-25 09:27
Book 2011ts problems only from nature and then produces technological applications, but that the very problems of scientific research themselves are generated by science and technology. Simultaneously, problems like global warming, the toxicology of nanoparticles, or the use of renewable energies are constit作者: Visual-Field 時間: 2025-3-25 14:18 作者: sclera 時間: 2025-3-25 17:52
0068-0346 and goals of present day& ‘science‘.A comprehensive overvieWe increasingly view the world around us as a product of science and technology. Accordingly, we have begun to appreciate that science does not take its problems only from nature and then produces technological applications, but that the ve作者: 量被毀壞 時間: 2025-3-25 21:09
Science in the Context of Application: Methodological Change, Conceptual Transformation, Cultural Rodelling, and its technological ambitions to manage the complexities of highly developed societies have prompted claims to the effect that science as such has undergone a profound methodological and institutional transformation during the past decades. Application-oriented research is not the same a作者: 暫時別動 時間: 2025-3-26 03:27
Knowledge, Politics, and Commerce: Science Under the Pressure of Practice research. This claims runs counter to a widespread sentiment that economically driven or “instrumental” research suffers from a decline in credibility and depth. Epistemic and application-driven research can be distinguished by their institutional research goals, which provide different stop-rules 作者: HATCH 時間: 2025-3-26 07:37
Between the Pure and Applied: The Search for the Elusive Middle Ground oriented. Although the distinction itself is sometimes difficult to apply in a precise way there are, nevertheless, clear examples in each category. More recently Carrier (2004) has introduced a more subtle way of thinking about the relationship between pure and applied science by formulating a dis作者: 溫室 時間: 2025-3-26 11:37
Science in the Context of Industrial Application: The Case of the Philips Natuurkundig Laboratorium1” and “Mode-2”. In the first place, it is made clear that such terms often had a rhetorical value rather than one that aims at explaining different research contents. In the second place it is shown that the normal use of those terms contains a confusion of dichotomies that needs to be disentangled作者: 淘氣 時間: 2025-3-26 16:06
Multi-Level Complexities in Technological Development: Competing Strategies for Drug Discoveryoteins, and the systems level of the effects of pharmacological intervention on the organism. Different development strategies in the recent history of early drug development can be understood as competing attempts at coming to grips with these multi-level complexities. Both rational drug design and作者: 高射炮 時間: 2025-3-26 19:43 作者: Palate 時間: 2025-3-27 00:43 作者: 變形 時間: 2025-3-27 02:32
Holism and Entrenchment in Climate Model Validationth’s climate, face a deeply entrenched form of confirmation holism. Confirmation holism, as it is traditionally understood, is the thesis that a single hypothesis cannot be tested in isolation, but that such tests always depend on other theories or hypotheses. It is always this collection of theorie作者: 可卡 時間: 2025-3-27 05:27
Expertise in Methods, Methods of Expertisemand-side of scientific expertise, the focus of this paper is on its formation. To achieve this, it aims at establishing a connection of the history of scientific methods with the history of scientific expertise. In my view, competence in methods is the basis for the building of capabilities that ar作者: incision 時間: 2025-3-27 11:13 作者: Dappled 時間: 2025-3-27 15:43 作者: Thrombolysis 時間: 2025-3-27 21:42 作者: Gossamer 時間: 2025-3-27 23:27
The Cognitive, Instrumental and Institutional Origins of Nanoscale Research: The Place of Biology order to benefit from changes in funding policy. In effect, NSR is old wine in new bottles. This assertion is in part connected to the fact that some areas of NSR are deeply rooted in semi-conductor physics and technology and in solid state physics generally. However, much nanoscale research is unr作者: milligram 時間: 2025-3-28 05:05 作者: 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán) 時間: 2025-3-28 07:52 作者: 破布 時間: 2025-3-28 13:54 作者: panorama 時間: 2025-3-28 18:29
Protected Spaces of Science: Their Emergence and Further Evolution in a Changing Worldhe Endless Frontier” is now opening up. One can trace how universities and funding agencies are responding to the new situation. The challenge for scientists and science institutions is how to live in “unprotected” spaces.作者: DUST 時間: 2025-3-28 20:15 作者: GOAT 時間: 2025-3-28 23:48 作者: Mindfulness 時間: 2025-3-29 06:12
er the growth of the innovating industries. In the longer run, these improvement and process innovations are assumed to be governed by the law of diminishing returns on further improvement efforts; consequently, in the course of expansion of the new industries, real improvements are increasingly rep作者: 運(yùn)動的我 時間: 2025-3-29 08:59 作者: Blood-Vessels 時間: 2025-3-29 12:25
Margaret Morrisoner the growth of the innovating industries. In the longer run, these improvement and process innovations are assumed to be governed by the law of diminishing returns on further improvement efforts; consequently, in the course of expansion of the new industries, real improvements are increasingly rep作者: 幼稚 時間: 2025-3-29 18:42
Marc J. de Vrieser the growth of the innovating industries. In the longer run, these improvement and process innovations are assumed to be governed by the law of diminishing returns on further improvement efforts; consequently, in the course of expansion of the new industries, real improvements are increasingly rep作者: kindred 時間: 2025-3-29 21:29
Matthias Adamer the growth of the innovating industries. In the longer run, these improvement and process innovations are assumed to be governed by the law of diminishing returns on further improvement efforts; consequently, in the course of expansion of the new industries, real improvements are increasingly rep作者: Phagocytes 時間: 2025-3-30 01:52 作者: output 時間: 2025-3-30 07:24
Bernadette Bensaude-Vincentr the growth of the innovating industries. In the longer run, these improvement and process innovations are assumed to be governed by the law of diminishing returns on further improvement efforts; consequently, in the course of expansion of the new industries, real improvements are increasingly repl作者: conception 時間: 2025-3-30 08:26
r the growth of the innovating industries. In the longer run, these improvement and process innovations are assumed to be governed by the law of diminishing returns on further improvement efforts; consequently, in the course of expansion of the new industries, real improvements are increasingly repl作者: 多產(chǎn)魚 時間: 2025-3-30 16:15
Johannes Lenhard,Eric Winsbergr the growth of the innovating industries. In the longer run, these improvement and process innovations are assumed to be governed by the law of diminishing returns on further improvement efforts; consequently, in the course of expansion of the new industries, real improvements are increasingly repl作者: Minatory 時間: 2025-3-30 20:32
