標(biāo)題: Titlebook: Institutional and Financial Incentives for Social Insurance; Claude D’Aspremont,Victor Ginsburgh,Frans Spinnewy Book 2002 Kluwer Academic [打印本頁] 作者: 恐怖 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 16:24
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作者: 起來了 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 23:33 作者: 摸索 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 01:55
Institutional and Financial Incentives for Social Insurance978-1-4615-0783-3作者: 免除責(zé)任 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 07:56 作者: BRUNT 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 10:50
Pension Provision in The United States,l security represents the only source of income. Furthermore social security represents more than 50 per cent of income for three-fifths of the beneficiaries aged 65 or older. None the less the system is distinctly smaller in size than its counterparts in most continental European countries. In Germ作者: institute 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 14:34
Voting Over Social Security with Uncertain Lifetimes,eptable to subsequent generations, unless they involve a substantial amount of intra-generational redistribution (see .). In short, inter-generational transfers need intra-generational redistribution to be politically viable.作者: 支柱 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 20:59 作者: 整體 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 23:00 作者: Ingest 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 01:40 作者: organism 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 07:06 作者: Aesthete 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 10:12
978-1-4613-5237-2Kluwer Academic Publishers 2002作者: 外面 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 17:26 作者: pulmonary 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 20:15
Labor Market Policies and Equilibrium Employment: Theory and Application for Belgium,large target population. Sharing this view, this paper first develops an empirically justified general equilibrium model of the labor market that distinguishes passive and active labor market policies (LMPs). Since the theoretical analysis often leads to ambiguous effects of these policies on employment, the paper also simulates the model.作者: output 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 00:42 作者: 遍及 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 04:39 作者: cardiovascular 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 08:49 作者: 遺產(chǎn) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 12:37
Unemployment Compensation Preferences: Insurance and Solidarity,.). Economists have emphasized that the wage cost increase as a consequence of the social contributions is one of the main causes of unemployment and that the system therefore is caught in a vicious circle: larger unemployment leading to larger social contributions leading to larger unemployment. Th作者: amplitude 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 17:43 作者: 螢火蟲 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 20:28 作者: 精確 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 00:29
The Willingness to Pay for Pensions,ersons per worker increases and if it is desirable to keep pensions at their historical level or in proportion to past wages, then the contributions per worker have to be increased. One may fear that the workers will not accept the increased burden. Some economists have therefore proposed funded pen作者: Amendment 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 06:30
Voluntary Pay-As-You-Go Social Security and Intergenerational Risk Sharing,on of capital. Theoretical and empirical works are usually based on overlapping generations models (for example ., ., .). These models extend Diamond (1965) in various directions to cope with several periods of life, elastic labor force, taxes, but do not introduce risks, except for some of them at 作者: 憤憤不平 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 10:47 作者: Aerate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 12:47
Voting Over Social Security with Uncertain Lifetimes,the redistribution of lifetime income among individuals. Discussions of pensions have often paid little attention to the question of intra-generational redistribution to focus on the issues of efficiency and inter-generational redistribution. This largely neglected aspect of social security is all t作者: 簡略 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 18:26 作者: Anhydrous 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 23:55
The Transition from Unfunded to Funded Social Security Might Not be as Painful as You Think,gration coincide with low birth rates, thus make it in the interest of the currently young to eliminate the redistributive, pay-as-you-go, unfunded social security system that has been put into place in the last 50 years, and to replace it with a funded, fully capitalized retirement system..作者: 避開 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 00:46 作者: 同義聯(lián)想法 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 04:29 作者: 表皮 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 12:01
The Willingness to Pay for Pensions,ion rights are better defined in funded systems than in PAYG-systems. Better defined rights give better incentives to contribute for the pensions and to sacrifice consumption as a worker for providing consumption when retired.作者: AGONY 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 12:39 作者: NEG 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 19:41 作者: 多骨 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 21:26 作者: Hemodialysis 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 02:50 作者: GROVE 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 05:40
Fátima Araújo,J. Bernardino Lopes,Armando A. Soares,J. Cravinotional scientists..Also available online in www.springerLink1 Introduction Data extract from Landolt-B?rnstein IV/24: Surface Tension of Pure Liquids and Binary Liquid Mixtures 1.1 Selection of data This supplement updates Landolt-B?rnstein‘s New Series Group IV (Physical Chemistry) Volume 16, S- fa作者: 我不怕犧牲 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 11:25 作者: 不要嚴(yán)酷 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 13:42
Adaptive Semantic Visualization for Bibliographic Entriesesearch on adaptive visualizations grew in the last years, the existing approaches do not make use of the variety of adaptable visual variables. Further the existing approaches often premises experts, who has to model the initial visualization design. In addition, current approaches either incorpora作者: hallow 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 20:54
Navigating Ethnopolitics in Deeply Divided Societies: Others in Regional Consociational Systemsisms designed to accommodate the diversity of the populations they serve. There are, however, critical times, when institutions are reorganized in more radical fashion in response to particularly pressing challenges, including identity-based conflicts and political violence.作者: 營養(yǎng) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 23:42
Detection of HCV RNA in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Liver Tissue by RT-PCRolecular techniques. Since archived formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissues from these patients are readily available for retrospective studies, development of an assay for the detection of HCV RNA in these fixed tissues will be useful for studying HCV pathogenesis and the effect of interferon-α t作者: Inveterate 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 02:07 作者: 多骨 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 07:18 作者: 高射炮 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 11:42
bles and cross-referencing for easy access to the informatio.This updated volume provides a practical guide to pancreatic pathology that covers recent changes in concepts and classifications. Potential pitfalls and mimics in pancreatic pathology are highlighted and illustrated, and guidance is provi作者: 無關(guān)緊要 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 18:23 作者: 閃光東本 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 22:28 作者: 貿(mào)易 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 23:55 作者: hemoglobin 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 05:24 作者: MIR 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 08:00
Structure of the Calcium Release Channel of Skeletal Muscle Sarcoplasmic Reticulum and Its Regulatio12 nm gap. Large protein structures projecting from the SR membrane span this junctional gap to provide apparent continuity between the T-system and SR, and have previously been defined morphologically and termed either feet (Franzini-Armstrong, 1970), bridges (Somlyo, 1979), pillars (Eisenberg and 作者: 打火石 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 13:09
1865-0929 d Software Engineering and Its Applications (ASEA), Bio-Science and Bio- Technology (BSBT), Control and Automation (CA), Database Theory and Appli- tion (DTA), 978-3-642-10618-7978-3-642-10619-4Series ISSN 1865-0929 Series E-ISSN 1865-0937 作者: 捐助 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 16:46 作者: Acetaminophen 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 23:36 作者: Decibel 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 00:03