標(biāo)題: Titlebook: Inflation Decade, 1910—1920; Americans Confront t David I. Macleod Book 2024 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusi [打印本頁] 作者: 分期 時間: 2025-3-21 18:14
書目名稱Inflation Decade, 1910—1920影響因子(影響力)
作者: gruelling 時間: 2025-3-22 00:18 作者: acheon 時間: 2025-3-22 03:45 作者: Regurgitation 時間: 2025-3-22 06:34 作者: Ingredient 時間: 2025-3-22 09:45
One Commodity at a Time: Wartime Attempts to Restrain Prices and Profiteering,ress sermonized: “The law of supply and demand, I am sorry to say, has been replaced by the law of unrestrained selfishness. While we have eliminated profiteering in several branches of industry it still runs impudently rampant in others.”作者: 混雜人 時間: 2025-3-22 15:03
Getting By: Earners Confront Changing Real Incomes,stic product dipped slightly in 1917 and peaked in 1918 just 3.7 percent above 1916. This modest growth and more was consumed by war costs—approximately 11.5 percent of total GDP in 1917 and 23.9 percent in 1918.作者: Harridan 時間: 2025-3-22 20:15
,Postwar: Brief Respite and Resurgent High Cost of Living, 1919–1920,elative income losses continued through 1919 and into 1920. Many farmers had enhanced real incomes, but their spokesmen charged that still larger gains had been forfeited to government measures or the exactions of food processors and middlemen.作者: 小故事 時間: 2025-3-22 22:14
,Confronting High Prices: Pursuing Profiteering and Systemic Causes, 1919–1920,nstead on profiteering that boosted the prices of individual products and thus the cost of living rather than on inflation as an economy-wide phenomenon. Besides, even commentators who condemned monetary inflation feared that deflation would cause economic distress.作者: Parallel 時間: 2025-3-23 04:47
Introduction,ered on food, became a political issue and fostered a plethora of diagnoses and remedies. Meanwhile, farmers’ spokesmen celebrated higher commodity prices and decried city dwellers’ desire for cheaper food. Then World War I brought severe inflation by 1916 that lasted into the autumn of 1920. Consumer prices eventually more than doubled.作者: aggravate 時間: 2025-3-23 07:17
,Prices Begin a Slow Rise, 1897–1909, 1909 wholesale prices surged 47 percent. Consumer prices rose 13 percent from 1897 through 1907, dipped to a mere 9 percent increase by 1909, and then jumped to 14 percent above 1897 in 1910. Reflecting the slower growth of consumer prices, public concern about rising prices in the US was real but sporadic until 1910.作者: 含糊其辭 時間: 2025-3-23 12:04
The Inflation Muddle, 1915 to June 1917,s fretted about more narrowly defined inflation—undue expansion of paper currency or issuance of currency not fully backed by gold reserves. Varying concepts of inflation influenced estimates of whether it was occurring, and if so, how severe it was. However defined, inflation generally served as a term of opprobrium.作者: 竊喜 時間: 2025-3-23 17:51
,Deflation’s Consequences: Winners, Losers, and a Brief New Normalcy,recovered to $5401 again and then rose sharply to $6016 in 1923. The pain was distributed unevenly, as farm commodity prices plunged and estimated unemployment among the civilian labor force soared from 5.2 percent in 1920 to 11.3 percent in 1921. It shrank modestly to 8.6 percent in 1922 and stabilized around 4.3 percent in 1923.作者: 雄辯 時間: 2025-3-23 21:08 作者: explicit 時間: 2025-3-24 01:47 作者: NOMAD 時間: 2025-3-24 05:35
Introduction, the Federal Reserve. In response to a minor surge in the cost of living, expressions of public dismay intensified sharply in 1910. Living costs, centered on food, became a political issue and fostered a plethora of diagnoses and remedies. Meanwhile, farmers’ spokesmen celebrated higher commodity pr作者: Adherent 時間: 2025-3-24 06:42 作者: 衣服 時間: 2025-3-24 11:42 作者: COST 時間: 2025-3-24 15:42 作者: Commission 時間: 2025-3-24 22:02
The High Cost of Living: Respite and Upsurge, 1915 to Early 1917,as recovering from a recession that ended about December 1914 and 1915s harvests were good. The wholesale price index (July 1913–June 1914 = 100) rose from 99 in July 1914 to 106 in December 1915, then sharply higher to 118 by June 1916, but consumer prices were relatively unaffected at first becaus作者: 多山 時間: 2025-3-25 01:23
The Inflation Muddle, 1915 to June 1917, less than what was causing a general rise in prices throughout the economy. Some participants thought broadly of an expanding money supply, but others fretted about more narrowly defined inflation—undue expansion of paper currency or issuance of currency not fully backed by gold reserves. Varying c作者: 武器 時間: 2025-3-25 03:19 作者: 祖?zhèn)髫敭a(chǎn) 時間: 2025-3-25 09:58 作者: 施魔法 時間: 2025-3-25 12:35
Getting By: Earners Confront Changing Real Incomes, short-term limit of its productive capacity by 1916. Compared to 1916, a bad crop year, the physical production of agriculture rose 4 percent in 1917 and was almost 10 percent higher by 1918, but manufacturing declined slightly, down almost 1? percent in 1918. In real dollars, per capita gross dome作者: 前面 時間: 2025-3-25 19:44 作者: Dappled 時間: 2025-3-25 20:33 作者: 沐浴 時間: 2025-3-26 01:57
,The Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Cost-of-Living Index,hoice of prices to be averaged were constrained by considerations of cost, practicality, racial and class bias, and limited institutional capacity. The result emerged just before the urgency conferred by rising prices began to fade—and with it, government funding and public interest.作者: 帶來墨水 時間: 2025-3-26 07:20 作者: Offstage 時間: 2025-3-26 09:03 作者: Factorable 時間: 2025-3-26 15:49
Conclusion,at much was clear in the 1910s. The decade established or solidified patterns of response by financial institutions, voters, and interest groups that often recurred in the future but some of which proved ineffective enough to be abandoned then or later.作者: 連累 時間: 2025-3-26 20:37
David I. Macleodcrogrid system is proposed. In this scheme, the controller is designed to act dynamically to load changes and the associated optimized gains have been evaluated using differential evolution optimization procedure. The performance comparison between the proposed controller with fixed-gain controller 作者: 磨坊 時間: 2025-3-26 22:33 作者: motor-unit 時間: 2025-3-27 01:58 作者: exercise 時間: 2025-3-27 06:23 作者: COST 時間: 2025-3-27 12:58 作者: 克制 時間: 2025-3-27 16:06
David I. Macleodr design and optimization for multiscale process systems not.Interest in the control and optimization of multiscale process systems has been triggered by the need to achieve tight feedback control and optimal operation of complex processes, such as deposition and sputtering of thin films in semicond作者: Density 時間: 2025-3-27 19:36 作者: wall-stress 時間: 2025-3-28 01:07
David I. Macleodperation of complex processes, such as deposition and sputtering of thin films in semiconductor manufacturing, which are characterized by highly coupled macroscopic and microscopic phenomena. Drawing from recent advances in the dynamics and control of distributed parameter processes for which contin作者: 協(xié)定 時間: 2025-3-28 03:34
David I. Macleodperation of complex processes, such as deposition and sputtering of thin films in semiconductor manufacturing, which are characterized by highly coupled macroscopic and microscopic phenomena. Drawing from recent advances in the dynamics and control of distributed parameter processes for which contin作者: accrete 時間: 2025-3-28 07:34 作者: Odyssey 時間: 2025-3-28 12:41 作者: 新義 時間: 2025-3-28 17:26 作者: 痛苦一下 時間: 2025-3-28 20:12
David I. Macleodperation of complex processes, such as deposition and sputtering of thin films in semiconductor manufacturing, which are characterized by highly coupled macroscopic and microscopic phenomena. Drawing from recent advances in the dynamics and control of distributed parameter processes for which contin作者: Patrimony 時間: 2025-3-29 02:09
peration of complex processes, such as deposition and sputtering of thin films in semiconductor manufacturing, which are characterized by highly coupled macroscopic and microscopic phenomena. Drawing from recent advances in the dynamics and control of distributed parameter processes for which contin作者: 變色龍 時間: 2025-3-29 06:14 作者: corpuscle 時間: 2025-3-29 08:43
Epilogue: 1920s to Present,and 1929—a record of price stability unmatched during the rest of the century. Subsequent price levels were much more unsettled, beginning with abrupt deflation of the CPI to 13.0 by 1933. After that, except for a few small dips, the CPI rose almost every year, sometimes moderately but with several bursts of rapid inflation.作者: Astigmatism 時間: 2025-3-29 14:38
Conclusion,at much was clear in the 1910s. The decade established or solidified patterns of response by financial institutions, voters, and interest groups that often recurred in the future but some of which proved ineffective enough to be abandoned then or later.作者: 泥瓦匠 時間: 2025-3-29 16:09 作者: 巫婆 時間: 2025-3-29 22:12 作者: Merited 時間: 2025-3-30 01:27
,Prelude: Price Deflation, 1865–1897,By the late 1890s, Americans had experienced three decades of mostly falling prices. While many remembered surging inflation during the Civil War, since then consumer prices had trended downward, with brief exceptions. Wholesale prices had plunged even more. Unlike ourselves, Americans at the time regarded declining prices as normal.作者: lymphedema 時間: 2025-3-30 05:29
,Reform in Detail: Attempted Remedies for Rising Prices, 1910–1914,Remedies for so pervasive a problem as the high cost of living were elusive. Most proposals were necessarily narrow in scope. The middleman made an easy target, but the gap between producers and consumers proved hard to bridge. And who spoke for so inclusive a group as consumers?作者: 間接 時間: 2025-3-30 10:50 作者: 不易燃 時間: 2025-3-30 13:03
David I. MacleodOffers a comprehensive analytical history of inflation in America.Explores economic history and Americans‘ attitude toward finances.Provides deep insight into the waves of US inflation, deflation, and作者: 滔滔不絕地說 時間: 2025-3-30 20:07 作者: 證實 時間: 2025-3-30 22:15 作者: 旅行路線 時間: 2025-3-31 00:57
David I. Macleodective optimization. The multiobjective intelligent energy management aims to minimize the operation cost and the environmental impact of a microgrid, taking into account its preoperational variables as future availability of renewable energies (REs) and load demand (LD). An ANN ensemble is develope作者: 傳授知識 時間: 2025-3-31 05:33 作者: Fibrinogen 時間: 2025-3-31 13:01 作者: 效果 時間: 2025-3-31 16:59 作者: 挖掘 時間: 2025-3-31 19:11
