標題: Titlebook: Image: An Integrated Model to Assess the Greenhouse Effect; Jan Rotmans Book 1990 Kluwer Academic Publishers 1990 agriculture.biosphere.ca [打印本頁] 作者: 注射 時間: 2025-3-21 18:35
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書目名稱Image: An Integrated Model to Assess the Greenhouse Effect讀者反饋
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作者: 青少年 時間: 2025-3-21 23:37 作者: 睨視 時間: 2025-3-22 02:17
Image: An Integrated Model to Assess the Greenhouse Effect978-94-009-0691-4Series ISSN 0929-0788 作者: 擺動 時間: 2025-3-22 05:18
Environment & Assessmenthttp://image.papertrans.cn/i/image/461560.jpg作者: insurgent 時間: 2025-3-22 11:30 作者: ALOFT 時間: 2025-3-22 14:14 作者: dissolution 時間: 2025-3-22 18:29 作者: 憤怒事實 時間: 2025-3-22 22:35
General Introduction,-emitted at infrared wavelengths by the atmosphere and the earth’s surface. Most of the surface radiation is trapped by clouds and greenhouse gases, and returned to the earth. This phenomenon is called the greenhouse effect, inducing an average temperature of the earth at the surface of +15 . rather作者: 不可磨滅 時間: 2025-3-23 03:07
General Model description of IMAGE,ameterized simulation model, developed for the calculation of historical and future emissions of greenhouse gases on global temperature and sea level rise and ecological and socio-economic interests in specific regions. The model is based on a large variety of data derived from both an extensive stu作者: Mendicant 時間: 2025-3-23 06:39 作者: Neuralgia 時間: 2025-3-23 13:36
The Methane Module,n et al., 1985, Wang and Molnar, 1985). Analysis of air contained in ice cores indicates that the methane concentration has been ca. 0.7 . for maybe thousands of years (Khalil and Rasmussen, 1982, and 1987). Around 1700 A.D. the concentration seems to have started increasing slowly to ca. 0.9 . arou作者: 暫時過來 時間: 2025-3-23 15:12
The N2O Module,in soil and water and is removed from the atmosphere much more slowly than methane. The yearly growth in the N.O emission trend varied from 0.1% at the beginning of this century to 1.3% in the last 10 years. The current average concentration of N.O is about 0.308 . and is increasing at about 0.2 to 作者: Facilities 時間: 2025-3-23 18:46 作者: ETHER 時間: 2025-3-23 23:08
The Climate Module,rstanding of this climate system is still not satisfactory. Climate models try to consider the primary processes, radiation, dynamics and surface processes, and their interactions within the climate system (Shine and Henderson-Sellers, 1983, Dickinson, 1986). Climate modelling has developed rapidly 作者: 閑逛 時間: 2025-3-24 02:46 作者: GRAVE 時間: 2025-3-24 06:39 作者: fatuity 時間: 2025-3-24 11:37 作者: MAZE 時間: 2025-3-24 16:52
Temperature Increasing Potential,eenhouse gas emissions. Here the concept of Temperature Increasing Potential (TIP) is introduced as a greenhouse counterpart to the ozone depleting potential (ODP). To obtain the relationship between an emission and its associated effect on temperature both the model approach (IMAGE) and the analyti作者: 上坡 時間: 2025-3-24 22:11
Sensitivity Analysis,ieze, 1990, Rotmans et al., 1990), is used to perform sensitivity experiments with IMAGE. In this chapter it is explained how the technique of metamodelling enables us to search for a relationship between input and output variables of IMAGE and how experimental designs can be used to carry out exper作者: Ceremony 時間: 2025-3-24 23:18 作者: Missile 時間: 2025-3-25 06:04 作者: AXIS 時間: 2025-3-25 10:02 作者: 神圣不可 時間: 2025-3-25 14:30 作者: 祖?zhèn)?nbsp; 時間: 2025-3-25 18:52 作者: 有危險 時間: 2025-3-25 23:46
Book 1990f many other people. First of all I would like to thank Koos Vrieze, originally a colleague at RIVM, later my professor. Without his inspiring attitude I would have never finished this thesis. I am also very grateful to RIVM for giving me the opportunity to write this thesis. lowe many thanks to Han作者: ablate 時間: 2025-3-26 02:23
The Carbon Cycle Model,c accurate measurements of atmospheric CO. at Mauna Loa, the CO. level has increased by more than 11%. The total anthropogenic CO. flux to the atmosphere is surrounded by uncertainties (USDOE, 1985a). In fact only the resulting flux from the combustion of fossil fuels is well known, in contrast to t作者: Graves’-disease 時間: 2025-3-26 08:09 作者: Badger 時間: 2025-3-26 10:02 作者: RAFF 時間: 2025-3-26 12:49 作者: 微枝末節(jié) 時間: 2025-3-26 20:32 作者: DEBT 時間: 2025-3-26 22:18 作者: 鳴叫 時間: 2025-3-27 03:45 作者: 灌溉 時間: 2025-3-27 05:35
The Methane Module, concentration of about 1.7 . (Khalil and Rasmussen, 1987). The anthropogenic sources of methane, such as cattle breeding, rice cultivation and the exploitation of fossil fuels have grown over the last centuries, whereas the natural emissions are assumed to have remained unchanged (Khalil and Rasmussen, 1982, and 1985).作者: jungle 時間: 2025-3-27 11:06 作者: stressors 時間: 2025-3-27 15:15
General Introduction,nd returned to the earth. This phenomenon is called the greenhouse effect, inducing an average temperature of the earth at the surface of +15 . rather than the -18 . it would have without the heat trapping. This greenhouse effect is essential for the existence of life on earth, having made it possible for millions of years.作者: maculated 時間: 2025-3-27 20:16
The N2O Module,e beginning of this century to 1.3% in the last 10 years. The current average concentration of N.O is about 0.308 . and is increasing at about 0.2 to 0.3 percent a year (0.18- -0.26% according to Lyon et al., 1989). For N.O a simple one-box emissions and concentration module has been implemented.作者: Intractable 時間: 2025-3-27 22:42
Temperature Increasing Potential,tential (ODP). To obtain the relationship between an emission and its associated effect on temperature both the model approach (IMAGE) and the analytical approach is used. Furthermore, both approaches are compared to previous efforts to determine relative greenhouse gas potentials.作者: Phagocytes 時間: 2025-3-28 03:31
Discussion,erive sets of allowable emissions from certain targets for climate impacts. It also enables scientists working in the field of climate change to put their efforts in a wider perspective. The model can easily be adapted to changed or increased knowledge.作者: fluoroscopy 時間: 2025-3-28 07:29
General Model description of IMAGE,dy of the literature and knowledge transfer resulting from consultations with specialist experts. In this way the problem could be dealt with via a multi-disciplinary approach, combining different fields of research.作者: assent 時間: 2025-3-28 11:34
The CFCs Module,nd halons. The regulating mechanism includes an ultimate freeze of 50% in 2000, whereas developing countries are allowed to increase their production, and not all ozone depleting substances are regulated.作者: ORBIT 時間: 2025-3-28 15:53
The Climate Module,in recent decades. A broad range of such climate models have been developed, varying from simple zero-dimensional to elaborate three dimensional models (Hasselman, 1988, and Washington and Parkinson, 1986). Generally four climate model types may be are distinguished:作者: 健忘癥 時間: 2025-3-28 19:32
Industrie?konomik und Transportsektorsis with hemodynamic efficacy in the a. vertebralis, a. cerebelli inferior posterior, a. basilaris, and a. cerebri posterior is an indication for a microvascular anastomosis. This is only possible with the a. occipitalis if strain between the anastomosed arteries is avoided.作者: exhilaration 時間: 2025-3-29 01:22
Multi-Drug-Resistant Staphylococci and Enterococci,he treatment of gram-negative infections, such as the aminoglycosides and quinolones, also had useful gram-positive activity. With such a wide choice of treatment, antibiotic resistance in gram-positive bacteria was not a clinical problem.作者: 內行 時間: 2025-3-29 04:47 作者: Moderate 時間: 2025-3-29 10:35 作者: Feature 時間: 2025-3-29 14:38 作者: cataract 時間: 2025-3-29 16:19
,Grenzschichtstr?mung,te erreichen..Die tangentiale Reibungsspannung ist für Newton’sche Fluide von der dynamischen Viskosit?t?η und dem Geschwindigkeitsgradienten in der reibenden Schicht normal zur Hauptstr?mungsrichtung . abh?ngig. Sie betr?gt:作者: 易于出錯 時間: 2025-3-29 20:50 作者: 身心疲憊 時間: 2025-3-30 03:44 作者: Default 時間: 2025-3-30 05:19
