作者: motor-unit 時(shí)間: 2025-3-21 23:05
Epidemiology,ears old each year [5, 6]. Consequently, approximately 4.5% of all U.S. health-care expenditure are devoted to CRS patients annually [7]. In Germany, the Institute of Medical Statistics reported that CRS was diagnosed 2.6 million times, and 2.2 million CRS patients consulted a doctor for medical ass作者: 預(yù)定 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 00:28 作者: ROOF 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 07:49
Neutrophils,e most severe patient group, has somehow distracted the attention from neutrophils. Interestingly, several studies over the last decade indicate the existence of a mixed inflammation in a substantial fraction of CRSwNP patients. A Chinese study of CRSwNP patients showed that 76.5% had an eosinophili作者: 我要威脅 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 11:51 作者: Gentry 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 15:50
Sinonasal Epithelium,a the dysfunction of the epithelium, either by thick tenacious secretions or the inadequate mucocilliary clearance, have been identified and directly linked to its pathophysiology. It is not intended to describe these well-known genetic pathologies in this chapter.作者: Gentry 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 20:32 作者: 鞭子 時(shí)間: 2025-3-22 23:23 作者: impale 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 02:18
sinusitis, and systemic diseases are also discussed. With the illustrative figures, this book is a comprehensive and quick reference to otolaryngologists, paediatricians, family care physicians, allergists, professional clinical staff, and medical students..978-981-16-0786-8978-981-16-0784-4作者: CRUC 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 07:25 作者: FLINT 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 09:54 作者: 使殘廢 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 14:43 作者: Verify 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 22:01
Literature in the Post-Mao Years,e most severe patient group, has somehow distracted the attention from neutrophils. Interestingly, several studies over the last decade indicate the existence of a mixed inflammation in a substantial fraction of CRSwNP patients. A Chinese study of CRSwNP patients showed that 76.5% had an eosinophili作者: 專(zhuān)心 時(shí)間: 2025-3-23 23:13 作者: Monolithic 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 04:00 作者: PACK 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 06:59 作者: 業(yè)余愛(ài)好者 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 12:43
Korporatismus und das deutsche Rentensystem,ern of sinus involvement could be asymmetric, and an association with dental disease or anatomic variants was noted. The lack of consensus around a single definition at the time highlighted the difficulty in consolidating these observations of CRS as a single disease entity, and supported the concep作者: Defraud 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 16:30 作者: 飛行員 時(shí)間: 2025-3-24 20:26 作者: 蛙鳴聲 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 01:32 作者: 指派 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 05:50 作者: NOCT 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 09:29 作者: Instrumental 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 11:52 作者: Callus 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 19:37
Health and Medicine in the 1980s,ary bacterial infections, long-term nasal congestion, and a poor treatment response [1, 2]. From clinical point of view CRS is nowadays subdivided by CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). In the Caucasian population, a minority of the CRSsNP patients has tissue eosino作者: 阻擋 時(shí)間: 2025-3-25 23:29 作者: LANCE 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 00:10
Herbert Giersch (Past President)n or degradation and epithelium changes. For chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), this process may include one or several following events: loss of cilia, loss of epithelial integrity, goblet cell hyperplasia, basement membrane (BM) thickening, excessive deposition of collagen fibers and fibrin, and edema 作者: 太空 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 06:49
Moral Hazard in the Welfare Statearance is a key first-line defense of the respiratory tract that clears the upper airways of inhaled pathogens and debris. This defense mechanism is dependent on appropriate mucus production and coordinated ciliary activity. Coordinated and directional ciliary beating enables transport of the overly作者: ineptitude 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 11:56
Pros and Cons of a Negative Income Taxe first and most exposed parts of the human body to airborne pollutants. Its pathophysiology is only partly understood and affection of the general population is high, with one in ten of affected patients additionally suffering from NSAID exacerbated respiratory disease [1–4]. Daily, more than 10,00作者: 商談 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 14:29 作者: Ganglion 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 18:15
Entwicklung eines Bezugsrahmens,en. It is responsible for a multitude of hospital- and community-acquired infections. The bacterium is often found on the skin of the axilla, chest/abdomen, groin, and perineum as well as on the mucosa of pharynx and intestine [1, 2], but the main site of colonization in humans is the . (anterior na作者: Oafishness 時(shí)間: 2025-3-26 21:00 作者: Mets552 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 02:38 作者: Bravura 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 05:20
Korporatismus und das deutsche Rentensystem,ials, to target various potential causes of the disease, and to better elucidate effective prevention and treatment plans [1]. At this point in time, two clinically distinct patterns of disease had been recognized. The first pattern was of CRS that occurred in patients who concomitantly suffered ast作者: Spinal-Tap 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 10:24
Reformkorridore des deutschen Rentensystemss description AFS has garnered considerable interest because of its tendency to recur and be difficult to control, patients may suffer facial deformity or orbital complications, and the precise pathophysiology of the condition remains elusive.作者: Custodian 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 15:28 作者: irritation 時(shí)間: 2025-3-27 17:58
978-981-16-0786-8Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. and People‘s Medical Publishing House, PR of China 2022作者: sphincter 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 00:14 作者: DRILL 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 03:21
http://image.papertrans.cn/c/image/226420.jpg作者: 金桌活畫(huà)面 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 08:09 作者: CREEK 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 14:03
Allergic Fungal Sinusitis,s description AFS has garnered considerable interest because of its tendency to recur and be difficult to control, patients may suffer facial deformity or orbital complications, and the precise pathophysiology of the condition remains elusive.作者: PATHY 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 17:19 作者: 高深莫測(cè) 時(shí)間: 2025-3-28 20:55
Reformkorridore des deutschen RentensystemsChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has a high detection rate for viruses. Viruses play an important role in persistent inflammation in CRS patients by enhancement of bacterial adhesion and exacerbation of local inflammation, which may contribute to longer duration of CRS symptoms during acute viral infection.作者: aplomb 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 02:22
Quality of Life and Psychological Burden,The conception of quality of life (QoL) carries an effort to comprise what is felt as well-being. From a health-related perspective, it could be outlined as the subject’s perception of its situation in life considering the cultural background and value system in which it is, and in relation with its expectations, goals, standards, and interests.作者: 破譯 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 05:09
Viruses,Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has a high detection rate for viruses. Viruses play an important role in persistent inflammation in CRS patients by enhancement of bacterial adhesion and exacerbation of local inflammation, which may contribute to longer duration of CRS symptoms during acute viral infection.作者: 失眠癥 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 09:34
Macroeconomic policies for growth,re responsible for the production of antigen specific Immunoglobulin (Ig), known as antibodies, that are directed against invasive pathogens. In addition to producing antibodies, they perform critical immune functions including generating immunological memory, antigen presentation, and regulatory cytokine production [1].作者: cuticle 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 11:32 作者: Emmenagogue 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 16:48 作者: Temporal-Lobe 時(shí)間: 2025-3-29 23:17 作者: 暫時(shí)中止 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 03:56
Eosinophils, disease in patients with CRS is dramatically increased over the last 20?years, implying an ongoing “eosinophilic shift” in several Asian countries. To determine the role of the different environmental and/or lifestyle factors playing a role in the observed eosinophilic shift will require additional research [3, 4].作者: STING 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 04:44
Book 2022ents of CRS, with brief case studies. The role of allergies, asthma, allergic fungal rhinosinusitis, and systemic diseases are also discussed. With the illustrative figures, this book is a comprehensive and quick reference to otolaryngologists, paediatricians, family care physicians, allergists, professional clinical staff, and medical students..作者: Landlocked 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 08:44
https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230104693d in dynein axonemal heavy chain 5 (.) gene [5], which have been identified for cystic fibrosis (CF) and primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), respectively, exhibit similar features with CRS, and thus provide further evidence for the role of a genetic component in the aetiology of CRS.作者: 輕浮思想 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 14:29 作者: 反叛者 時(shí)間: 2025-3-30 17:23 作者: HAIL 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 00:35 作者: TIA742 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 04:36 作者: gruelling 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 07:44
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14327-7ecular signaling level, crosstalk between microbes and immune system elements in the sinonasal cavity maintains a crucial equilibrium which, when disrupted, can lead to an increase in pathogenic species and ultimately the initiation and progression of inflammatory processes [2].作者: textile 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 11:25 作者: 退出可食用 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 13:45 作者: Ruptured-Disk 時(shí)間: 2025-3-31 20:13
Remodeling Features,[1–3]. Tissue remodeling in CRS is regulated by numerous factors. So far, various cytokines, growth factors, proteases, and coagulation factors have been reported involved in the tissue remodeling in CRS [4].作者: 柔聲地說(shuō) 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 00:54
Environmental and Allergic Triggers,S require to be further analyzed. In the present study, we illustrate the correlation between environmental triggers and CRS, and that between allergic triggers and CRS phenotypes. This review aims to provide references for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CRS.作者: Antarctic 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 02:48 作者: 倔強(qiáng)一點(diǎn) 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 06:44
,Dante Philosophizes About Francesca’s Case,ells, granulocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, natural killer T (NKT) cells, innate lymphoid cells (ILC), and mast cells) [1]. The adaptive immune cells mainly include the subsets of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and plasma cells [2].作者: V洗浴 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 12:21
Involvement of the Immune System in Airways Disease,ells, granulocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, natural killer T (NKT) cells, innate lymphoid cells (ILC), and mast cells) [1]. The adaptive immune cells mainly include the subsets of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and plasma cells [2].作者: 公司 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 14:51 作者: Debrief 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 20:50
Epidemiology,y system, and can be divided into two distinct phenotypic subtypes: chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyposis (CRSsNP) and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). When diagnosed according to European and American clinical practice guidelines, CRSsNP accounts for >66% of CRS cases 作者: Concomitant 時(shí)間: 2025-4-1 22:39
Genetics and Epigenetics,enetic architecture of CRS is complex, and the heritability for CRS has been shown to range from 13% to 53% [1–3]; the highest heritability shown in the triad of aspirin intolerance, nasal polyposis, and asthma [2]. The mutations in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (.) gene [4] an作者: 寬容 時(shí)間: 2025-4-2 05:36
Involvement of the Immune System in Airways Disease,mer exists in the absence of challenge to the immune system and includes physical, epithelial barriers (such as the cough reflex, mucociliary clearance, humoral factors including surface active substances, the complement system, antibacterial peptides, etc.) while the latter is initiated by various
